Related papers: Why and How zk-SNARK Works
Syntax highlighting in the form of colours and font diversification, is an excellent tool to provide clarity, concision and correctness to writings. Unfortunately, this practice is not widely adopted, which results in often hard-to-parse…
Complex networks or graphs are ubiquitous in sciences and engineering: biological networks, brain networks, transportation networks, social networks, and the World Wide Web, to name a few. Spectral graph theory provides a set of useful…
Payment channel network (PCN) is a layer-two scaling solution that enables fast off-chain transactions but does not involve on-chain transaction settlement. PCNs raise new privacy issues including balance secrecy, relationship anonymity and…
Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs) are a cryptographic primitive that allows a prover to demonstrate knowledge of a secret value to a verifier without revealing anything about the secret itself. ZKPs have shown to be an extremely powerful tool,…
Although counterfactual explanations are a popular approach to explain ML black-box classifiers, they are less widespread in NLP. Most methods find those explanations by iteratively perturbing the target document until it is classified…
Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) achieve state-of-the-art performance in various graph-related tasks. However, the black-box nature often limits their interpretability and trustworthiness. Numerous explainability methods have been proposed to…
The objective of this paper is to explain the principles of the design of a coarse space in a simplified way and by pictures. The focus is on ideas rather than on a more historically complete presentation. Also, space limitation does not…
Why does Deep Learning work? What representations does it capture? How do higher-order representations emerge? We study these questions from the perspective of group theory, thereby opening a new approach towards a theory of Deep learning.…
A series of recent papers raises worries about the manipulative potential of algorithmic transparency. But while the concern is apt and relevant, it is based on a fraught understanding of manipulation. Therefore, this paper draws attention…
Local explanation frameworks aim to rationalize particular decisions made by a black-box prediction model. Existing techniques are often restricted to a specific type of predictor or based on input saliency, which may be undesirably…
Blockchains are tamper evident and tamper resistant digital ledgers implemented in a distributed fashion (i.e., without a central repository) and usually without a central authority (i.e., a bank, company, or government). At their basic…
Astronomy and related fields are at the forefront of science and technology; answering fundamental questions and driving innovation. Although blue-skies research like astronomy rarely contributes directly with tangible outcomes on a short…
No matter how much the world of computing changes, system design remains crucial. While most people try to learn it through quick tutorials or AI-generated summaries, there is no better way to master the field than by studying the original…
As machine learning algorithms are increasingly applied to high impact yet high risk tasks, such as medical diagnosis or autonomous driving, it is critical that researchers can explain how such algorithms arrived at their predictions. In…
Existing question-answering research focuses on unanswerable questions in the context of always providing an answer when a system can\dots but what about cases where a system {\bf should not} answer a question. This can either be to protect…
This paper demonstrates our vision for knowledge graphs that assist machines to reason about the cause of signals observed by sensors. We show how the approach allows for constructing smarter surveillance systems that reason about the most…
In cryptography, encryption is the process of obscuring information to make it unreadable without special knowledge. This is usually done for secrecy, and typically for confidential communications. Encryption can also be used for…
The aim of this survey article is to highlight several notoriously intractable problems about knots and links, as well as to provide a brief discussion of what is known about them.
The aim of this paper is to introduce a mathematical logic based approach investigating why-type questions in physics.
As complex AI systems further prove to be an integral part of our lives, a persistent and critical problem is the underlying black-box nature of such products and systems. In pursuit of productivity enhancements, one must not forget the…