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Related papers: Why and How zk-SNARK Works

200 papers

Convoulutional Neural Networks (CNNs) exhibit extraordinary performance on a variety of machine learning tasks. However, their mathematical properties and behavior are quite poorly understood. There is some work, in the form of a framework,…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2016-10-30 Jayanth Koushik

Blockchain enables a digital society where people can contribute, collaborate, and transact without having to second-guess trust and transparency. It is the technology behind the success of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and many disruptive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Duc A. Tran , Bhaskar Krishnamachari

We are used to the availability of big data generated in nearly all fields of science as a consequence of technological progress. However, the analysis of such data possess vast challenges. One of these relates to the explainability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Frank Emmert-Streib , Olli Yli-Harja , Matthias Dehmer

Deep Learning is a state-of-the-art technique to make inference on extensive or complex data. As a black box model due to their multilayer nonlinear structure, Deep Neural Networks are often criticized to be non-transparent and their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-28 Vanessa Buhrmester , David Münch , Michael Arens

Machines are being increasingly used in decision-making processes, resulting in the realization that decisions need explanations. Unfortunately, an increasing number of these deployed models are of a 'black-box' nature where the reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sopam Dasgupta

[Taken from the "README" in the book] My goal with this book is to provide some kind of bridge for mathematics between the high-school-level and college-level for physics students. From my perspective, our job as physicists is to observe…

Physics Education · Physics 2018-05-31 William J. Meese

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been extensively developed for graph representation learning in various application domains. However, similar to all other neural networks models, GNNs suffer from the black-box problem as people cannot…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Peibo Li , Yixing Yang , Maurice Pagnucco , Yang Song

Railways provide a critical service and operate under strict regulatory frameworks for implementing changes or upgrades. Despite their impact on the public, these frameworks do not define means or mechanisms for transparency towards the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Tarek Galal , Valeria Tisch , Katja Assaf , Andreas Polze

As machine learning is increasingly deployed in high-stakes contexts affecting people's livelihoods, there have been growing calls to open the black box and to make machine learning algorithms more explainable. Providing useful explanations…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-07-13 Umang Bhatt , McKane Andrus , Adrian Weller , Alice Xiang

In this paper, we explore the unique modality of sketch for explainability, emphasising the profound impact of human strokes compared to conventional pixel-oriented studies. Beyond explanations of network behavior, we discern the genuine…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Hmrishav Bandyopadhyay , Pinaki Nath Chowdhury , Ayan Kumar Bhunia , Aneeshan Sain , Tao Xiang , Yi-Zhe Song

Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are central to secure and privacy-preserving computation, with zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs emerging as leading frameworks offering distinct trade-offs in efficiency, scalability, and trust assumptions. While their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Ayush Nainwal , Atharva Kamble , Nitin Awathare

Transformer language models are state of the art in a multitude of NLP tasks. Despite these successes, their opaqueness remains problematic. Recent methods aiming to provide interpretability and explainability to black-box models primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Felix Friedrich , Patrick Schramowski , Christopher Tauchmann , Kristian Kersting

We present a secure and efficient string-matching platform leveraging zk-SNARKs (Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Arguments of Knowledge) to address the challenge of detecting sensitive information leakage while preserving data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Taoran Li , Taobo Liao

Blockchain's decentralization, transparency, and tamper-resistance properties have facilitated the system's use in various application fields. However, the low throughput and high confirmation latency hinder the widespread adoption of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Md Mohaimin Al Barat , Shaoyu Li , Changlai Du , Y. Thomas Hou , Wenjing Lou

The goal of nuclear structure theory is to build a comprehensive microscopic framework in which properties of nuclei and extended nuclear matter, and nuclear reactions and decays can all be consistently described. Due to novel theoretical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-03-10 Witold Nazarewicz

This paper discusses the mechanisms of cryptocurrency, the idea of using security in the system, and the popularity of it. To begin, the authors provide a background on cryptocurrency and how it works. The authors understand that while most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Chelsea Medina , Lily Shaw , Dissy Vargas , Sundar Krishnan

Transparent machine learning is introduced as an alternative form of machine learning, where both the model and the learning system are represented in source code form. The goal of this project is to enable direct human understanding of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Dustin Juliano

The interpretability of ML models is important, but it is not clear what it amounts to. So far, most philosophers have discussed the lack of interpretability of black-box models such as neural networks, and methods such as explainable AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Tim Räz

Blockchains are among the most powerful technologies to realize decentralized information systems. In order to safely enjoy all guarantees provided by a blockchain, one should maintain a full node, therefore maintaining an updated local…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Stefano De Angelis , Ivan Visconti , Andrea Vitaletti , Marco Zecchini

The closed architecture of prevailing blockchain systems renders the usage of this technology mostly infeasible for a wide range of real-world problems. Most blockchains trap users and applications in their isolated space without the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Michael Sober , Giulia Scaffino , Stefan Schulte