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Related papers: Early Solar System $r$-process Abundances Limit Co…

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We present a nearly complete rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) chemical inventory of the metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -1.46 +/- 0.10) r-process-enhanced ([Eu/Fe] = +1.32 +/- 0.08) halo star HD 222925. This abundance set is the most complete…

We reanalyze $r$-process nucleosynthesis in the neutron-rich ejecta from a prompt supernova explosion of a low-mass (11 M$_\odot$) progenitor. A pompt explosion is not yet ruled out as a possibility for low-mass supernova progenitors.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-06 K. Sumiyoshi , M. Terasawa , G. J. Mathews , T. Kajino , S. Yamada , H. Suzuki

The Solar system was once rich in the short-lived radionuclide (SLR) $^{26}$Al\, but deprived in $^{60}$Fe. Several models have been proposed to explain these anomalous abundances in SLRs, but none has been set within a self-consistent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-30 Simon Portegies Zwart

The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars are an excellent test bed by which to set new constraints on models of neutron-capture processes at low metallicity. Some r-process-rich (hereafter r-rich) metal-poor stars, such as HD221170, show…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2010-10-25 Jiang Zhang , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

While it is now known that double neutron star binary systems (DNSs) are copious producers of heavy elements, there remains much speculation about whether they are the sole or even principal site of rapid neutron-capture (r-process)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-09 Erika M. Holmbeck , Jeff J. Andrews

Historically,Ge has been considered to be a neutron-capture element. In this case, the r-process abundance of Ge is derived by subtracting the s-process abundance from the total abundance in the Solar system. However, the Ge abundance of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-09-22 Ping Niu , Weili Liu , Wenyuan Cui , Bo Zhang

Whether binary neutron star mergers are the only astrophysical site of rapid neutron-capture process ($r$-process) nucleosynthesis remains unknown. Collapsars associated with long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and hypernovae are promising…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Long Li , Shu-Qing Zhong , Zi-Gao Dai

Heavy elements are synthesized by the r-process in neutron star mergers and potentially in rare supernovae linked to strong magnetic fields. Expensive hydrodynamic simulations of these extreme environments are usually post-processed to…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-03 Jan Kuske , Almudena Arcones , Moritz Reichert

The heavy elements formed by neutron capture processes have an interesting history from which we can extract useful clues to and constraints upon both the characteristics of the processes themselves and the star formation and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 J. W. Truran , J. J. Cowan , C. A. Pilachowski , C. Sneden

For the origin of heavy r-process elements, different sources have been proposed, e.g., core-collapse supernovae or neutron star mergers. Old metal-poor stars carry the signature of the astrophysical source(s). Among the elements dominantly…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-09-17 B. Wehmeyer , M. Pignatari , F. -K. Thielemann

Comparisons between the predicted abundances of short-lived r-nuclides (107Pd, 129I, 182Hf, and 244Pu) in the interstellar medium (ISM) and the observed abundances in the early solar system (ESS) conclusively showed that these nuclides…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Nicolas Dauphas

The discovery of the radioactively powered kilonova AT2017gfo, associated with the short-duration gamma-ray burst GRB 170817A and the gravitational wave source GW170817, has provided the first direct evidence supporting binary neutron star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-02-14 Meng-Hua Chen , Li-Xin Li , Qiu-Hong Chen , Rui-Chong Hu , En-Wei Liang

Although the multimessenger detection of the neutron star merger event GW170817 confirmed that mergers are promising sites producing the majority of nature's heavy elements via the rapid neutron-capture process ($r$-process), a number of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-07-04 Meng-Ru Wu , Projjwal Banerjee

This review of the rapid-neutron-capture (i.e. r-) process starts with determining the Solar System r-abundance pattern via first obtaining (and subtracting) the contribution from the slow-neutron capture (s-) process. We emphasize the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-05 Friedrich-Karl Thielemann , John J. Cowan

The abundances of 92Nb and 146Sm in the early Solar System are determined from meteoritic analysis and their stellar production is attributed to the p process. We investigate if their origin from thermonuclear supernovae deriving from the…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-17 Maria Lugaro , Marco Pignatari , Ulrich Ott , Kai Zuber , Claudia Travaglio , Gyorgy Gyurky , Zsolt Fulop

We present new observational benchmarks of rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) nucleosynthesis for elements at and between the first (A ~ 80) and second (A ~ 130) peaks. Our analysis is based on archival ultraviolet and optical…

Half of all the elements in the universe heavier than iron were created by rapid neutron capture. The theory for this astrophysical `$r$-process' was worked out six decades ago and requires an enormous neutron flux to make the bulk of these…

The supernova yields of r-process elements are obtained as a function of the mass of their progenitor stars from the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor stars on the left-side [Ba/Mg]-[Mg/H] boundary with a procedure proposed by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Zhe Chen , Jiang Zhang , YanPing Chen , WenYuan Cui , Bo Zhang

Of the variations in the elemental abundance patterns of stars enhanced with $r$-process elements, the variation in the relative actinide-to-lanthanide ratio is among the most significant. We investigate the source of these actinide…

We analyze here late evolutionary stages of massive (with initial mass higher than 8 masses of the Sun) close binary stars. Our purposes are to study possible mechanisms of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) origin. We suppose in this paper that GRB…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-03-19 A. I. Bogomazov , V. M. Lipunov , A. V. Tutukov