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We introduce two variations of the cops and robber game on graphs. These games yield two invariants in $\mathbb{Z}_+\cup\{\infty\}$ for any connected graph $\Gamma$, the {weak cop number $\mathsf{wcop}(\Gamma)$} and the {strong cop number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jonathan Lee , Eduardo Martínez-Pedroza , Juan Felipe Rodríguez-Quinche

An identifying code $C$ of a graph $G$ is a dominating set of $G$ such that any two distinct vertices of $G$ have distinct closed neighbourhoods within $C$. The smallest size of an identifying code of $G$ is denoted $\gamma^{\text{ID}}(G)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-01 Florent Foucaud , Tuomo Lehtilä

For studying topological obstructions to graph colorings, Hom-complexes were introduced by Lov\'{a}sz. A graph $T$ is called a test graph if for every graph $H$, the $k$-connectedness of $|Hom(T, H)|$ implies $\chi (H)\geq k + 1 + \chi(T)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-06-30 Hamid Reza Daneshpajouh

An identifying open code of a graph $G$ is a set $S$ of vertices that is both a separating open code (that is, $N_G(u) \cap S \ne N_G(v) \cap S$ for all distinct vertices $u$ and $v$ in $G$) and a total dominating set (that is, $N(v) \cap S…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-16 Dipayan Chakraborty , Florent Foucaud , Michael A. Henning

This paper describes a 720-vertex connected planar graph G such that cop1(G), denoting the minimum number of cops needed to catch the robber in the 1-cop-move game on G, is at least 4 and at most 7. Furthermore, G has a connected subgraph H…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Wei Quan Lim

A gambler moves between the vertices $1, \ldots, n$ of a graph using the probability distribution $p_{1}, \ldots, p_{n}$. Multiple cops pursue the gambler on the graph, only being able to move between adjacent vertices. We investigate the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-10-11 Jesse Geneson

The game of cops and robbers is a well-known game played on graphs. In this paper we consider the straight-ahead orientations of 4-regular quadrangulations of the torus and the Klein bottle and we prove that their cop number is bounded by a…

Consider the following Maker-Breaker type game played by Toucher and Isolator on the edges of a graph $G$ with first move given to Toucher. The aim of Isolator is to maximise the number of vertices which are not incident to any edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-29 Eero Raty

Andreae (1986) proved that the cop number of connected $H$-minor-free graphs is bounded for every graph $H$. In particular, the cop number is at most $|E(H-h)|$ if $H-h$ contains no isolated vertex, where $h\in V(H)$. The main result of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Franklin Kenter , Erin Meger , Jérémie Turcotte

The Path Contraction and Cycle Contraction problems take as input an undirected graph $G$ with $n$ vertices, $m$ edges and an integer $k$ and determine whether one can obtain a path or a cycle, respectively, by performing at most $k$ edge…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-03-12 R. Krithika , V. K. Kutty Malu , Prafullkumar Tale

The crossing number of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of edge crossings over all drawings of $G$ in the plane. A graph $G$ is $k$-crossing-critical if its crossing number is at least $k$, but if we remove any edge of $G$, its crossing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-22 János Barát , Géza Tóth

The track number $\tau(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of interval graphs whose union is $G$. We show that the track number of the line graph $L(G)$ of a triangle-free graph $G$ is at least $\lg \lg \chi(G) + 1$, where $\chi(G)$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-12-28 Deepak Rajendraprasad

We consider a game in which a cop searches for a moving robber on a graph using distance probes, which is a slight variation on one introduced by Seager. Carragher, Choi, Delcourt, Erickson and West showed that for any n-vertex graph $G$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-12 John Haslegrave , Richard A. B. Johnson , Sebastian Koch

The game of cops and robbers is played on a fixed (finite or infinite) graph $G$. The cop chooses his starting position, then the robber chooses his. After that, they take turns and move to adjacent vertices, or stay at their current…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-31 Tomáš Flídr , Maria-Romina Ivan

The aim of this work is to investigate the nonnegative signed domination number $\gamma^{NN}_s$ with emphasis on regular, ($r+1$)-clique-free graphs and trees. We give lower and upper bounds on $\gamma^{NN}_s$ for regular graphs and prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-25 Doost Ali Mojdeh , Babak Samadi , Lutz Volkmann

We consider a variation of Cops and Robber, introduced in [D. Cox and A. Sanaei, The damage number of a graph, [Aust. J. of Comb. 75(1) (2019) 1-16] where vertices visited by a robber are considered damaged and a single cop aims to minimize…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-19 Melissa A. Huggan , Margaret-Ellen Messinger , Amanda Porter

A set $S\subseteq V$ of vertices of a graph $G$ is a $c$-clustered set if it induces a subgraph with components of order at most $c$ each, and $\alpha_c(G)$ denotes the size of a largest $c$-clustered set. For any graph $G$ on $n$ vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Kolja Knauer , Torsten Ueckerdt

In this paper we consider the cop number of graphs with no, or few, short cycles. We show that when $G$ is graph of girth $g$ and the minimum degree $\delta \geq 2$, then $c(G) = O(n\log(n)(\delta-1)^{-\lfloor \frac{g+1}{4} \rfloor})$ as a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-22 Alexander Clow

The Cops and Robber game on geodesic spaces is a pursuit-evasion game with discrete steps which captures the behavior of the game played on graphs, as well as that of continuous pursuit-evasion games. One of the outstanding open problems…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-09 Vesna Iršič , Bojan Mohar , Alexandra Wesolek

While a number of bounds are known on the zero forcing number $Z(G)$ of a graph $G$ expressed in terms of the order of a graph and maximum or minimum degree, we present two bounds that are related to the (upper) total domination number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-12 Boštjan Brešar , María Gracia Cornet , Tanja Dravec , Michael Henning