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Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is widely used for dimensionality reduction and interpretable analysis, but standard formulations are unsupervised and cannot directly exploit class labels. Existing supervised or semi-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kenichi Satoh

Given a symmetric nonnegative matrix $A$, symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (symNMF) is the problem of finding a nonnegative matrix $H$, usually with much fewer columns than $A$, such that $A \approx HH^T$. SymNMF can be used for…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2016-10-07 Arnaud Vandaele , Nicolas Gillis , Qi Lei , Kai Zhong , Inderjit Dhillon

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) approximates a given matrix as a product of two non-negative matrices. Multiplicative algorithms deliver reliable results, but they show slow convergence for high-dimensional data and may be stuck…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-05 Felipe Yanez , Francis Bach

The model described in this paper belongs to the family of non-negative matrix factorization methods designed for data representation and dimension reduction. In addition to preserving the data positivity property, it aims also to preserve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Rachid Hedjam , Abdelhamid Abdesselam , Abderrahmane Rahiche , Mohamed Cheriet

In this work, we introduce a highly efficient algorithm to address the nonnegative matrix underapproximation (NMU) problem, i.e., nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with an additional underapproximation constraint. NMU results are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-11 Mariano Tepper , Guillermo Sapiro

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a known unsupervised data-reduction method. The principle of the common cause (PCC) is a basic methodological approach in probabilistic causality, which seeks an independent mixture model for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 E. Khalafyan , A. E. Allahverdyan , A. Hovhannisyan

Discriminative models for source separation have recently been shown to produce impressive results. However, when operating on sources outside of the training set, these models can not perform as well and are cumbersome to update. Classical…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-11-04 Shrikant Venkataramani , Efthymios Tzinis , Paris Smaragdis

Traditional NMF-based signal decomposition relies on the factorization of spectral data, which is typically computed by means of short-time frequency transform. In this paper we propose to relax the choice of a pre-fixed transform and learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-18 Dylan Fagot , Cédric Févotte , Herwig Wendt

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) models are widely used to recover linearly mixed nonnegative data. When the data is made of samplings of continuous signals, the factors in NMF can be constrained to be samples of nonnegative rational…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-31 Cécile Hautecoeur , Lieven De Lathauwer , Nicolas Gillis , François Glineur

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) methods have proved to be powerful across a wide range of real-world clustering applications. Integrating multiple types of measurements for the same objects/subjects allows us to gain a deeper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-09-16 Daniel Hidru , Anna Goldenberg

Traditional nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) learns a new feature representation on the whole data space, which means treating all features equally. However, a subspace is often sufficient for accurate representation in practical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Junhang Li , Jiao Wei , Can Tong , Tingting Shen , Yuchen Liu , Chen Li , Shouliang Qi , Yudong Yao , Yueyang Teng

This paper tackles two major problem settings for interpretability of audio processing networks, post-hoc and by-design interpretation. For post-hoc interpretation, we aim to interpret decisions of a network in terms of high-level audio…

The main scientific question of this year DCASE challenge, Task 4 - Sound Event Detection in Domestic Environments, is to investigate the types of data (strongly labeled synthetic data, weakly labeled data, unlabeled in domain data)…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-01-23 Teck Kai Chan , Cheng Siong Chin , Ye Li

Approximate matrix factorization techniques with both nonnegativity and orthogonality constraints, referred to as orthogonal nonnegative matrix factorization (ONMF), have been recently introduced and shown to work remarkably well for…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Filippo Pompili , Nicolas Gillis , P. -A. Absil , François Glineur

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has already been applied to learn speaker characterizations from single or non-simultaneous speech for speaker recognition applications. It is also known for its good performance in (blind) source…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-05-02 Jeroen Zegers , Hugo Van hamme

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is a standard linear dimensionality reduction technique for nonnegative data sets. In order to measure the discrepancy between the input data and the low-rank approximation, the Kullback-Leibler (KL)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-12 Le Thi Khanh Hien , Nicolas Gillis

Non-negative blind source separation (non-negative BSS), which is also referred to as non-negative matrix factorization (NMF), is a very active field in domains as different as astrophysics, audio processing or biomedical signal processing.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-27 Jérémy Rapin , Jérôme Bobin , Anthony Larue , Jean-Luc Starck

The past decade has seen substantial work on the use of non-negative matrix factorization and its probabilistic counterparts for audio source separation. Although able to capture audio spectral structure well, these models neglect the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Gautham Mysore , Maneesh Sahani

Considering a mixed signal composed of various audio sources and recorded with a single microphone, we consider on this paper the blind audio source separation problem which consists in isolating and extracting each of the sources. To…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-15 Valentin Leplat , Nicolas Gillis , Man Shun Ang

Recently, a family of tractable NMF algorithms have been proposed under the assumption that the data matrix satisfies a separability condition Donoho & Stodden (2003); Arora et al. (2012). Geometrically, this condition reformulates the NMF…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-12-30 Abhishek Kumar , Vikas Sindhwani