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The symmetric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), a special but important class of the general NMF, has found numerous applications in data analysis such as various clustering tasks. Unfortunately, designing fast algorithms for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Xiao Li , Zhihui Zhu , Qiuwei Li , Kai Liu

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) has become a very popular technique in machine learning because it automatically extracts meaningful features through a sparse and part-based representation. However, NMF has the drawback of being…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-12-07 Nicolas Gillis

Given a matrix $M$ (not necessarily nonnegative) and a factorization rank $r$, semi-nonnegative matrix factorization (semi-NMF) looks for a matrix $U$ with $r$ columns and a nonnegative matrix $V$ with $r$ rows such that $UV$ is the best…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-10-28 Nicolas Gillis , Abhishek Kumar

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a data analysis technique which allows compression and interpretation of nonnegative data. NMF became widely studied after the publication of the seminal paper by Lee and Seung (Learning the Parts…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2008-10-24 Nicolas Gillis , François Glineur

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) aims to factorize a matrix into two optimized nonnegative matrices and has been widely used for unsupervised learning tasks such as product recommendation based on a rating matrix. However, although…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-04-03 Junyu Xuan , Jie Lu , Xiangfeng Luo , Guangquan Zhang

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a dimensionality reduction technique that has shown promise for analyzing noisy data, especially astronomical data. For these datasets, the observed data may contain negative values due to noise…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-04 Dylan Green , Stephen Bailey

Given the matrix equation ${\bf A X} + {\bf X B} + f({\bf X }) {\bf C} ={\bf D}$ in the unknown $n\times m$ matrix ${\bf X }$, we analyze existence and uniqueness conditions, together with computational solution strategies for $f \,:…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-09-05 Margherita Porcelli , Valeria Simoncini

Matrix factorization techniques, especially Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), have been widely used for dimensionality reduction and interpretable data representation. However, existing NMF-based methods are inherently single-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Jichao Zhang , Ran Miao , Limin Li

Non-Negative Matrix Factorization, NMF, attempts to find a number of archetypal response profiles, or parts, such that any sample profile in the dataset can be approximated by a close profile among these archetypes or a linear combination…

Applications · Statistics 2013-12-19 Paul Fogel

In this work, we consider nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with a regularization that promotes small volume of the convex hull spanned by the basis matrix. We present highly efficient algorithms for three different volume…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2020-01-14 M. S. Ang , Nicolas Gillis

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a knowledge discovery method that is used in many fields. Variational inference and Gibbs sampling methods for it are also wellknown. However, the variational approximation error has not been…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-24 Naoki Hayashi

Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF), first proposed in 1994 for data analysis, has received successively much attention in a great variety of contexts such as data mining, text clustering, computer vision, bioinformatics, etc. In this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-03-05 Paola Favati , Grazia Lotti , Ornella Menchi , Francesco Romani

Semi-Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (semi-NMF) extends classical Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) by allowing the basis matrix to contain both positive and negative entries, making it suitable for decomposing data with mixed signs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Lu Chenggang

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a powerful technique for analyzing regularly-sampled data, i.e., data that can be stored in a matrix. For audio, this has led to numerous applications using time-frequency (TF) representations like…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-10 Krishna Subramani , Paris Smaragdis , Takuya Higuchi , Mehrez Souden

Dimensionality reduction and matrix factorization techniques are important and useful machine-learning techniques in many fields. Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is particularly useful for spectral analysis and image processing in…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-20 Guangtun Zhu

We introduce a new method based on nonnegative matrix factorization, Neural NMF, for detecting latent hierarchical structure in data. Datasets with hierarchical structure arise in a wide variety of fields, such as document classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Tyler Will , Runyu Zhang , Eli Sadovnik , Mengdi Gao , Joshua Vendrow , Jamie Haddock , Denali Molitor , Deanna Needell

Symmetric nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF), a special but important class of the general NMF, is demonstrated to be useful for data analysis and in particular for various clustering tasks. Unfortunately, designing fast algorithms for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Zhihui Zhu , Xiao Li , Kai Liu , Qiuwei Li

Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is a key technique for feature extraction and widely used in source separation. However, existing algorithms may converge to poor local minima, or to one of several minima with similar objective value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Youdong Guo , Timothy E. Holy

Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is one of the most popular techniques for data representation and clustering, and has been widely used in machine learning and data analysis. NMF concentrates the features of each sample into a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-26 Mulin Chen , Maoguo Gong , Xuelong Li

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) under the separability assumption can provably be solved efficiently, even in the presence of noise, and has been shown to be a powerful technique in document classification and hyperspectral unmixing.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-02 Nicolas Gillis , Stephen A. Vavasis