Related papers: "Negative probabilities" as relative probabilistic…
We use recurrence equations (alias difference equations) to enumerate the number of formula-representations of positive integers using only addition and multiplication, and using addition, multiplication, and exponentiation, where all the…
This work proposes a view of probability as a relative measure rather than an absolute one. To demonstrate this concept, we focus on finite outcome spaces and develop three fundamental axioms that establish requirements for relative…
The minimization of specific cases in binary classification, such as false negatives or false positives, grows increasingly important as humans begin to implement more machine learning into current products. While there are a few methods to…
The apparent failure of individual probabilistic expressions to distinguish uncertainty about truths from uncertainty about probabilistic assessments have prompted researchers to seek formalisms where the two types of uncertainties are…
Computer simulations are enabling researchers to investigate systems which are extremely difficult to handle analytically. In the particular case of General Relativity, numerical models have proved extremely valuable for investigations of…
Randomness is a central concept to statistics and physics. Here, a statistical analysis shows experimental evidence that tossing coins and finding last digits of prime numbers are identical regarding statistics for equally likely outcomes.…
Various semantics for studying the square of opposition and the hexagon of opposition have been proposed recently. We interpret sentences by imprecise (set-valued) probability assessments on a finite sequence of conditional events. We…
Prior work has revealed that positive words occur more frequently than negative words in human expressions, which is typically attributed to positivity bias, a tendency for people to report positive views of reality. But what about the…
In the last couple of decades, the world has seen several stunning instances of quantum algorithms that provably outperform the best classical algorithms. For most problems, however, it is currently unknown whether quantum algorithms can…
The vast use of computers on scientific numerical computation makes the awareness of the limited precision that these machines are able to provide us an essential matter. A limited and insufficient precision allied to the truncation and…
How much information do we need about a process' past to faithfully simulate its future? The statistical complexity is a prominent quantifier of structure for stochastic processes. Quantum machines, however, can simulate classical…
Many situations in quantum theory and other areas of physics lead to quasi-probabilities which seem to be physically useful but can be negative. The interpretation of such objects is not at all clear. In this paper, we show that…
We derive approximation algorithms for the nonnegative matrix factorization problem, i.e. the problem of factorizing a matrix as the product of two matrices with nonnegative coefficients. We form convex approximations of this problem which…
Stochastic processes underlie a vast range of natural and social phenomena. Some processes such as atomic decay feature intrinsic randomness, whereas other complex processes, e.g. traffic congestion, are effectively probabilistic because we…
Negative Binomial regression is a staple in Operations Management empirical research. Most of its analytical aspects are considered either self-evident, or minutiae that are better left to specialised textbooks. But what if the evidence…
Bayesian networks provide a probabilistic semantics for qualitative assertions about likelihood. A qualitative reasoner based on an algebra over these assertions can derive further conclusions about the influence of actions. While the…
Numerical simulation codes are very common tools to study complex phenomena, but they are often time-consuming and considered as black boxes. For some statistical studies (e.g. asset management, sensitivity analysis) or optimization…
In a recent article a generalization of the binomial distribution associated with a sequence of positive numbers was examined. The analysis of the nonnegativeness of the formal expressions was a key-point to allow to give them a statistical…
When researchers carry out a null hypothesis significance test, it is tempting to assume that a statistically significant result lowers Prob(H0), the probability of the null hypothesis being true. Technically, such a statement is…
The mathematical model of a linear system with the short memory about own stochastic behavior is proposed. It is assumed that the system is under a continual influence of independent stochastic impulses. In a short memory approximation the…