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Calibrated estimates of uncertainty are critical for many real-world computer vision applications of deep learning. While there are several widely-used uncertainty estimation methods, dropout inference stands out for its simplicity and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-09 Yichen Shen , Zhilu Zhang , Mert R. Sabuncu , Lin Sun

Knowledge distillation, which involves extracting the "dark knowledge" from a teacher network to guide the learning of a student network, has emerged as an essential technique for model compression and transfer learning. Unlike previous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Guodong Xu , Ziwei Liu , Chen Change Loy

Accurate uncertainty quantification remains a key challenge for standard LLMs, prompting the adoption of Bayesian and ensemble-based methods. However, such methods typically necessitate computationally expensive sampling, involving multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Lakshmana Sri Harsha Nemani , P. K. Srijith , Tomasz Kuśmierczyk

Knowledge distillation is a common technique for improving the performance of a shallow student network by transferring information from a teacher network, which in general, is comparatively large and deep. These teacher networks are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Ishan Mishra , Sethu Vamsi Krishna , Deepak Mishra

Deep learning is increasingly being applied in safety-critical domains. For these scenarios it is important to know the level of uncertainty in a model's prediction to ensure appropriate decisions are made by the system. Deep ensembles are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Yassir Fathullah , Mark J. F. Gales

Deep neural networks lack interpretability and tend to be overconfident, which poses a serious problem in safety-critical applications like autonomous driving, medical imaging, or machine vision tasks with high demands on reliability.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Steven Landgraf , Kira Wursthorn , Markus Hillemann , Markus Ulrich

Uncertainty estimation is critical for reliable medical image segmentation, particularly in retinal vessel analysis, where accurate predictions are essential for diagnostic applications. Deep Ensembles, where multiple networks are trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jeremiah Fadugba , Petru Manescu , Bolanle Oladejo , Delmiro Fernandez-Reyes , Philipp Berens

Knowledge distillation has emerged as a powerful technique for model compression, enabling the transfer of knowledge from large teacher networks to compact student models. However, traditional knowledge distillation methods treat all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Aakash Gore , Anoushka Dey , Aryan Mishra

We consider the problem of uncertainty estimation in the context of (non-Bayesian) deep neural classification. In this context, all known methods are based on extracting uncertainty signals from a trained network optimized to solve the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Yonatan Geifman , Guy Uziel , Ran El-Yaniv

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable performance in the healthcare domain. However, what remained challenging is quantifying the predictive uncertainty of GNNs, which is an important aspect of trustworthiness in clinical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Hirad Daneshvar , Reza Samavi

Uncertainty quantification is a critical aspect of reinforcement learning and deep learning, with numerous applications ranging from efficient exploration and stable offline reinforcement learning to outlier detection in medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Moritz A. Zanger , Pascal R. Van der Vaart , Wendelin Böhmer , Matthijs T. J. Spaan

Efficiently and reliably estimating uncertainty is an important objective in deep learning. It is especially pertinent to autoregressive sequence tasks, where training and inference costs are typically very high. However, existing research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-18 Yassir Fathullah , Guoxuan Xia , Mark Gales

Considering uncertainty estimation of modern neural networks (NNs) is one of the most important steps towards deploying machine learning systems to meaningful real-world applications such as in medicine, finance or autonomous systems. At…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-20 Martin Ferianc , Miguel Rodrigues

Uncertainty quantification is crucial for building reliable and trustable machine learning systems. We propose to estimate uncertainty in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) via stochastic discrete state transitions over recurrent timesteps.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Cheng Wang , Carolin Lawrence , Mathias Niepert

Knowledge distillation transfers behavior from a teacher to a student model, but the process is inherently stochastic: teacher outputs, student training, and student inference can all be random. Collapsing these uncertainties to a single…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Ziyao Cui , Jian Pei

We propose an efficient way to output better calibrated uncertainty scores from neural networks. The Distilled Dropout Network (DDN) makes standard (non-Bayesian) neural networks more introspective by adding a new training loss which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Corina Gurau , Alex Bewley , Ingmar Posner

Deep ensembles deliver state-of-the-art, reliable uncertainty quantification, but their heavy computational and memory requirements hinder their practical deployments to real applications such as on-device AI. Knowledge distillation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Sehyun Park , Jongjin Lee , Yunseop Shin , Ilsang Ohn , Yongdai Kim

The knowledge distillation uses a high-performance teacher network to guide the student network. However, the performance gap between the teacher and student networks can affect the student's training. This paper proposes a novel knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Songling Zhu , Ronghua Shang , Bo Yuan , Weitong Zhang , Yangyang Li , Licheng Jiao

Deep neural networks with millions of parameters may suffer from poor generalization due to overfitting. To mitigate the issue, we propose a new regularization method that penalizes the predictive distribution between similar samples. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Sukmin Yun , Jongjin Park , Kimin Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Knowledge distillation has been used to transfer knowledge learned by a sophisticated model (teacher) to a simpler model (student). This technique is widely used to compress model complexity. However, in most applications the compressed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Hadi Pouransari , Mojan Javaheripi , Vinay Sharma , Oncel Tuzel
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