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Atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) extracted from satellite imagery are the only wind observations with good global coverage. They are important features for feeding numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. Several Bayesian models have…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-26 Patrick Héas , Frédéric Cérou , Mathias Rousset

Traffic forecasting is a challenging spatio-temporal modeling task and a critical component of urban transportation management. Current studies mainly focus on deterministic predictions, with limited considerations on the uncertainty and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Weijiang Xiong , Robert Fonod , Nikolas Geroliminis

Global warming leads to the increase in frequency and intensity of climate extremes that cause tremendous loss of lives and property. Accurate long-range climate prediction allows more time for preparation and disaster risk management for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-13 Ken C. L. Wong , Hongzhi Wang , Etienne E. Vos , Bianca Zadrozny , Campbell D. Watson , Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood

Different solutions have been proposed to solve the "faint young Sun problem", defined by the fact that the Earth was not fully frozen during the Archean despite the fainter Sun. Most previous studies were performed with simple 1-D…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-10-17 Benjamin Charnay , François Forget , Robin Wordsworth , Jérémy Leconte , Ehouarn Millour , Francis Codron , Aymeric Spiga

Precipitation Nowcasting, which aims to predict precipitation within the next 0 to 6 hours, is critical for disaster mitigation and real-time response planning. However, most time series forecasting benchmarks in meteorology are evaluated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Yifang Zhang , Shengwu Xiong , Henan Wang , Wenjie Yin , Jiawang Peng , Yuqiang Zhang , Chen Zhou , Hua Chen , Qile Zhao , Pengfei Duan

Deterministic regression-based downscaling models for climate variables often suffer from spectral bias, which can be mitigated by generative models like diffusion models. To enable efficient and reliable simulation of extreme weather…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Rahul Sundar , Yucong Hu , Nishant Parashar , Antoine Blanchard , Boyko Dodov

Precipitation is a key part of hydrological circulation and is a sensitive indicator of climate change. The Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission (IMERG) datasets are widely used for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yinghong Jing , Liupeng Lin , Xinghua Li , Tongwen Li , Huanfeng Shen

Weather forecasting is crucial for public safety, disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural production, and energy management, with global relevance. Although deep learning has significantly advanced weather prediction, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shixuan Li , Wei Yang , Peiyu Zhang , Xiongye Xiao , Defu Cao , Yuehan Qin , Xiaole Zhang , Yue Zhao , Paul Bogdan

This paper presents an algorithm that relies on a series of dense and deep neural networks for passive microwave retrieval of precipitation. The neural networks learn from coincidences of brightness temperatures from the Global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Reyhaneh Rahimi , Sajad Vahedizadeh , Ardeshir Ebtehaj

Event attribution in the context of climate change seeks to understand the role of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions on extreme weather events, either specific events or classes of events. A common approach to event attribution uses…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-02-06 Christopher J. Paciorek , Dáithí A. Stone , Michael F. Wehner

Studying the impact of climate change on precipitation is constrained by finding a way to evaluate the evolution of precipitation variability over time. Classical approaches (feature-based) have shown their limitations for this issue due to…

Applications · Statistics 2019-10-25 Mohamed Djallel Dilmi , Laurent Barthès , Cécile Mallet , Aymeric Chazottes

Inference on the extremal behaviour of spatial aggregates of precipitation is important for quantifying river flood risk. There are two classes of previous approach, with one failing to ensure self-consistency in inference across different…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-22 Jordan Richards , Jonathan A. Tawn , Simon Brown

Extreme precipitation shows non-stationary behavior over time, but also with respect to other large-scale variables. While this effect is often neglected, we propose a model including the influence of North Atlantic Oscillation, time,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-11-09 Felix S. Fauer , Henning W. Rust

Accurate precipitation nowcasting is crucial for applications such as flood prediction, disaster management, agriculture optimization, and transportation management. While many studies have approached this task using sequence-to-sequence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Lorand Vatamany , Siamak Mehrkanoon

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is a widely researched topic with broad applications in weather forecasting, traffic control, and stock price prediction. Extreme values in time series often significantly impact human and natural systems, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Jincheng Wang , Yue Gao

With success on controlled tasks, generative models are being increasingly applied to humanitarian applications [1,2]. In this paper, we focus on the evaluation of a conditional generative model that illustrates the consequences of climate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Sharon Zhou , Alexandra Luccioni , Gautier Cosne , Michael S. Bernstein , Yoshua Bengio

Climate models are complicated software systems that approximate atmospheric and oceanic fluid mechanics at a coarse spatial resolution. Typical climate forecasts only explicitly resolve processes larger than 100 km and approximate any…

The under-representation of cloud formation is a long-standing bias associated with climate simulations. Parameterisation schemes are required to capture cloud processes within current climate models but have known biases. We overcome these…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-06-17 Daniel Giles , James Briant , Cyril J. Morcrette , Serge Guillas

Seasonal forecasting remains challenging due to the inherent chaotic nature of atmospheric dynamics. This paper introduces DeepSeasons, a novel deep learning approach designed to enhance the accuracy and reliability of seasonal forecasts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 A. Navarra , G. G. Navarra

Accurate short-term warnings for extreme precipitation are critical for global disaster mitigation but are hindered by a persistent predictability barrier at the 2-6 hour horizon -- the "nowcasting gray zone." In this window, traditional…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-29 Haofei Sun , Yunfan Yang , Wei Han , Wei Huang , Huaguan Chen , Zhiqiu Gao , Zeting Li , Zhaoyang Huo , Zeyi Niu