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This paper presents a novel time synchronization attack (TSA) model for the Global Positioning System (GPS) based on clock data behavior changes in a higher-order derivative domain. Further, the time synchronization attack rejection and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-02 Erick Schmidt , Junhwan Lee , Nikolaos Gatsis , David Akopian

Many operations in power grids, such as fault detection and event location estimation, depend on precise timing information. In this paper, a novel Time Synchronization Attack (TSA) is proposed to attack the timing information in smart…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Zhenghao Zhang , Shuping Gong , Aleksandar D. Dimitrovski , Husheng Li

Many operations in power grids, such as fault detection and event location estimation, depend on precise timing information. In this paper, a novel time stamp attack (TSA) is proposed to attack the timing information in smart grid. Since…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-01-13 Shuping Gong , Zhenghao Zhang , Husheng Li , Aleksandar D. Dimitrovski

A novel time synchronization attack (TSA) on wide area monitoring systems in smart grid has been identified in the first part of this paper. A cross layer detection mechanism is proposed to combat TSA in part II of this paper. In the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-04-03 Zhenghao Zhang , Matthew Trinkle , Aleksandar D. Dimitrovski , Husheng Li

This paper introduces the Time Synchronization Attack Rejection and Mitigation (TSARM) technique for Time Synchronization Attacks (TSAs) over the Global Positioning System (GPS). The technique estimates the clock bias and drift of the GPS…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Ali Khalajmehrabadi , Nikolaos Gatsis , David Akopian , Ahmad F. Taha

The GPS is vulnerable to GPS spoofing attack (GSA), which leads to disorder in time and position results of the GPS receiver. In power grids, phasor measurement units (PMUs) use GPS to build time-tagged measurements, so they are susceptible…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Mohammad Sabouri , Sara Siamak , Maryam Dehghani , Mohsen Mohammadi , Mohammad Hassan Asemani

The Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) is an important metering device for smart grid. Like any other Intelligent Electronic Device (IED), PMUs are prone to various types of cyberattacks. However, one form of attack is unique to the PMU, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-14 Imtiaj Khan , Virgilio Centeno

We consider time synchronization attack against multi-system scheduling in a remote state estimation scenario where a number of sensors monitor different linear dynamical processes and schedule their transmissions through a shared collision…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-06 Ziyang Guo , Yuqing Ni , Wing Shing Wong , Ling Shi

This work proposes a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) spoofing detection and classification technique for single antenna receivers. We formulate an optimization problem at the baseband correlator domain by using the Least Absolute…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-30 Erick Schmidt , Nikolaos Gatsis , David Akopian

To mitigate spoofing attacks targeting global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) receivers, one promising method is to rely on alternative time sources, such as network-based synchronization, in order to detect clock offset discrepancies…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-23 M. Spanghero , P. Papadimitratos

In this paper, we focus on the localization of a passive source from time difference of arrival (TDOA) measurements. TDOA values are computed with respect to pairs of fixed sensors that are required to be accurately time-synchronized. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-16 Marguerite Delcourt , Jean-Yves Le Boudec

We develop a new location spoofing detection algorithm for geo-spatial tagging and location-based services in the Internet of Things (IoT), called Enhanced Location Spoofing Detection using Audibility (ELSA) which can be implemented at the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Jing Yang Koh , Ido Nevat , Derek Leong , Wai-Choong Wong

This paper studies the problem of secure state estimation of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system with bounded noise in the presence of sparse attacks on an unknown, time-varying set of sensors. In other words, at each time, the attacker…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-24 Zishuo Li , Muhammad Umar B. Niazi , Changxin Liu , Yilin Mo , Karl H. Johansson

Sensors such as phasor measurement units (PMUs) endowed with GPS receivers are ubiquitously installed providing real-time grid visibility. A number of PMUs can cooperatively enable state estimation routines. However, GPS spoofing attacks…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Paresh Risbud , Nikolaos Gatsis , Ahmad Taha

This paper discusses the problem of estimating the state of a linear time-invariant system when some of its sensors and actuators are compromised by an adversarial agent. In the model considered in this paper, the malicious agent attacks an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-04-04 Mehrdad Showkatbakhsh , Yasser Shoukry , Suhas Diggavi , Paulo Tabuada

The vulnerability of the Global Positioning System (GPS) against spoofing is known for quite some time. Also, the positioning and navigation of most semi-autonomous and autonomous drones are dependent on Global Navigation Satellite System…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-22 M. Surendra Kumar , Gaurav S. Kasbekar , Arnab Maity

Prior research has demonstrated that global positioning system (GPS) spoofing attacks on phasor measurement units (PMUs) can cripple power system operation. This paper provides an experimental evidence of the feasibility of such an attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Fakhri Saadedeen , Anamitra Pal

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) or Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) for precise (Positioning, Navigation, and Timing) PNT solutions. However, the vulnerability of GPS signals to intentional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Sagar Dasgupta , Abdullah Ahmed , Mizanur Rahman , Thejesh N. Bandi

Real-world time series often exhibit a non-stationary nature, degrading the performance of pre-trained forecasting models. Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adjusting models during inference, but existing methods typically update…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Heitor R. Medeiros , Hossein Sharifi-Noghabi , Gabriel L. Oliveira , Saghar Irandoust

This paper addresses the secure state estimation problem for continuous linear time-invariant systems with non-periodic and asynchronous sampled measurements, where the sensors need to transmit not only measurements but also sampling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-31 Zishuo Li , Anh Tung Nguyen , André M. H. Teixeira , Yilin Mo , Karl H. Johansson
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