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In this work we investigate the reasons why Batch Normalization (BN) improves the generalization performance of deep networks. We argue that one major reason, distinguishing it from data-independent normalization methods, is randomness of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Alexander Shekhovtsov , Boris Flach

Batch normalization (BN) is a technique to normalize activations in intermediate layers of deep neural networks. Its tendency to improve accuracy and speed up training have established BN as a favorite technique in deep learning. Yet,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Johan Bjorck , Carla Gomes , Bart Selman , Kilian Q. Weinberger

Despite the efficacy on a variety of computer vision tasks, deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, limiting their applications in security-critical systems. Recent works have shown the possibility of generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-21 Ziang Yan , Yiwen Guo , Changshui Zhang

Batch Normalization (BN) is extensively employed in various network architectures by performing standardization within mini-batches. A full understanding of the process has been a central target in the deep learning communities. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-30 Lei Huang , Lei Zhao , Yi Zhou , Fan Zhu , Li Liu , Ling Shao

Deep neural networks are easily fooled by small perturbations known as adversarial attacks. Adversarial Training (AT) is a technique aimed at learning features robust to such attacks and is widely regarded as a very effective defense.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Theodoros Tsiligkaridis , Jay Roberts

We present a new algorithm to train a robust neural network against adversarial attacks. Our algorithm is motivated by the following two ideas. First, although recent work has demonstrated that fusing randomness can improve the robustness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Xuanqing Liu , Yao Li , Chongruo Wu , Cho-Jui Hsieh

The robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) against adversarial attacks has been studied extensively in hopes of both better understanding how deep learning models converge and in order to ensure the security of these models in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Jovon Craig , Josh Andle , Theodore S. Nowak , Salimeh Yasaei Sekeh

Though deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown superiority over other techniques in major fields like computer vision, natural language processing, robotics, recently, it has been proven that they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Nupur Thakur , Yuzhen Ding , Baoxin Li

Adversarial training is a widely used method to improve the robustness of deep neural networks (DNNs) over adversarial perturbations. However, it is empirically observed that adversarial training on over-parameterized networks often suffers…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-01-25 Zhongjie Shi , Fanghui Liu , Yuan Cao , Johan A. K. Suykens

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. A range of defense methods have been proposed to train adversarially robust DNNs, among which adversarial training has demonstrated promising results. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Hanxun Huang , Yisen Wang , Sarah Monazam Erfani , Quanquan Gu , James Bailey , Xingjun Ma

Adversarial training has been actively studied in recent computer vision research to improve the robustness of models. However, due to the huge computational cost of generating adversarial samples, adversarial training methods are often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Yihan Wu , Xinda Li , Florian Kerschbaum , Heng Huang , Hongyang Zhang

Recently, there has been an abundance of works on designing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) that are robust to adversarial examples. In particular, a central question is which features of DNNs influence adversarial robustness and, therefore,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Peter Langenberg , Emilio Rafael Balda , Arash Behboodi , Rudolf Mathar

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have gained prominence in various applications, such as classification, recognition, and prediction, prompting increased scrutiny of their properties. A fundamental attribute of traditional DNNs is their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Roman Garaev , Bader Rasheed , Adil Khan

Training neural networks is an optimization problem, and finding a decent set of parameters through gradient descent can be a difficult task. A host of techniques has been developed to aid this process before and during the training phase.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-19 Divya Gaur , Joachim Folz , Andreas Dengel

The vulnerability of deep neural networks (DNNs) to adversarial examples has attracted great attention in the machine learning community. The problem is related to non-flatness and non-smoothness of normally obtained loss landscapes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Qizhang Li , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo , Hao Chen

The ability to fool deep learning classifiers with tiny perturbations of the input has lead to the development of adversarial training in which the loss with respect to adversarial examples is minimized in addition to the training examples.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Amir Hagai , Yair Weiss

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial noise. Adversarial Training (AT) has been demonstrated to be the most effective defense strategy to protect neural networks from being fooled. However, we find AT omits to learning robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Nuoyan Zhou , Nannan Wang , Decheng Liu , Dawei Zhou , Xinbo Gao

Batch normalization (BN) has become a de facto standard for training deep convolutional networks. However, BN accounts for a significant fraction of training run-time and is difficult to accelerate, since it is a memory-bandwidth bounded…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-10 Igor Gitman , Boris Ginsburg

Batch Normalization (BN) is an important preprocessing step to many deep learning applications. Since it is a data-dependent process, for some homogeneous datasets it is a redundant or even a performance-degrading process. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Wael Alsobhi , Tarik Alafif , Alaa Abdel-Hakim , Weiwei Zong

A critically important, ubiquitous, and yet poorly understood ingredient in modern deep networks (DNs) is batch normalization (BN), which centers and normalizes the feature maps. To date, only limited progress has been made understanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Randall Balestriero , Richard G. Baraniuk