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Automated Program Repair (APR) aspires to automatically generate patches for an input buggy program. Traditional APR tools typically focus on specific bug types and fixes through the use of templates, heuristics, and formal specifications.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Yifeng Ding , Lingming Zhang

LLMs have garnered considerable attention for their potential to streamline Automated Program Repair (APR). LLM-based approaches can either insert the correct code or directly generate patches when provided with buggy methods. However, most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qiong Feng , Xiaotian Ma , Jiayi Sheng , Ziyuan Feng , Wei Song , Peng Liang

Automated Program Repair (APR) is defined as the process of fixing a bug/defect in the source code, by an automated tool. APR tools have recently experienced promising results by leveraging state-of-the-art Neural Language Processing (NLP)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Armin Zirak , Hadi Hemmati

We present the first systematic analysis of the characteristics of patch search spaces for automatic patch generation systems. We analyze the search spaces of two current state-of-the-art systems, SPR and Prophet, with 16 different search…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-02-19 Fan Long , Martin Rinard

Software bugs significantly contribute to software cost and increase the risk of system malfunctioning. In recent years, many automated program-repair approaches have been proposed to automatically fix undesired program behavior. Despite of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-07-19 Dirk Beyer , Lars Grunske , Thomas Lemberger , Minxing Tang

This paper presents a novel methodology for enhancing Automated Program Repair (APR) through synthetic data generation utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs). Current APR systems are constrained by the limited availability of high-quality…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-31 David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

Automated Program Repair (APR) attempts to patch software bugs and reduce manual debugging efforts. Very recently, with the advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), an increasing number of APR techniques have been proposed, facilitating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Yang Xie , YuXiang Ma , Weisong Sun , Yun Yang , Zhenyu Chen

Current approaches for fixing systematic problems in NLP models (e.g. regex patches, finetuning on more data) are either brittle, or labor-intensive and liable to shortcuts. In contrast, humans often provide corrections to each other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Shikhar Murty , Christopher D. Manning , Scott Lundberg , Marco Tulio Ribeiro

Bugs are essential in software engineering; many research studies in the past decades have been proposed to detect, localize, and repair bugs in software systems. Effectiveness evaluation of such techniques requires complex bugs, i.e.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Ali Reza Ibrahimzada , Yang Chen , Ryan Rong , Reyhaneh Jabbarvand

Long patch validation time is a limiting factor for automated program repair (APR). Though the duality between patch validation and mutation testing is recognized, so far there exists no study of systematically adapting mutation testing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Yuan-An Xiao , Chenyang Yang , Bo Wang , Yingfei Xiong

This paper is about understanding the nature of bug fixing by analyzing thousands of bug fix transactions of software repositories. It then places this learned knowledge in the context of automated program repair. We give extensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Matias Martinez , Martin Monperrus

Automatic Program Repair (APR) is a brilliant idea: when detecting a bug, also provide suggestions for correcting the program. Progress towards that goal is hindered by the absence of a common frame of reference for the multiplicity of APR…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Victoria Kananchuk , Ilgiz Mustafin , Bertrand Meyer

[...] Since then, various APR approaches, especially those leveraging the power of large language models (LLMs), have been rapidly developed to fix general software bugs. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of these advanced techniques in the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Anh Ho , Thanh Le-Cong , Bach Le , Christine Rizkallah

Recent empirical studies show that the performance of GenProg is not satisfactory, particularly for Java. In this paper, we propose ARJA, a new GP based repair approach for automated repair of Java programs. To be specific, we present a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-12-22 Yuan Yuan , Wolfgang Banzhaf

Data quality is paramount in today's data-driven world, especially in the era of generative AI. Dirty data with errors and inconsistencies usually leads to flawed insights, unreliable decision-making, and biased or low-quality outputs from…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Wei Ni , Xiaoye Miao , Xiangyu Zhao , Yangyang Wu , Jianwei Yin

Automated program repair is a crucial task for improving the efficiency of software developers. Recently, neural-based techniques have demonstrated significant promise in generating correct patches for buggy code snippets. However, most…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Yuwei Zhang , Ge Li , Zhi Jin , Ying Xing

Developers are widely using AI code-generation models, aiming to increase productivity and efficiency. However, there are also quality concerns regarding the AI-generated code. The generated code is produced by models trained on publicly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Ruofan Gao , Amjed Tahir , Peng Liang , Teo Susnjak , Foutse Khomh

APR (Automated Program Repair) aims to automatically locate program defects, generate patches and validate the repairs. Existing techniques for APR are often combined with LLMs (Large Language Models), which leverages the code-related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haichuan Hu , Xiaochen Xie , Quanjun Zhang

LLM Agents produce patches automatically to resolve an issue. However, they can generate inaccurate patches. Little is known about the root causes behind those failed patches or how those could be fixed. This paper reports an empirical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

Providing personalized and timely feedback for student's programming assignments is useful for programming education. Automated program repair (APR) techniques have been used to fix the bugs in programming assignments, where the Large…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Fang Liu , Zhenwei Liu , Qianhui Zhao , Jing Jiang , Li Zhang , Ge Li , Zian Sun , Zhongqi Li , Yuchi Ma