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Related papers: A Unifying Hybrid Consensus Protocol

200 papers

The proof-of-work consensus protocol suffers from two main limitations: waste of energy and offering only probabilistic guarantees about the status of the blockchain. This paper introduces SklCoin, a new Byzantine consensus protocol and its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Zakwan Jaroucheh , Baraq Ghaleb , William J Buchanan

In the paper, we present designs for multiple blockchain consensus primitives and a novel blockchain system, all based on the use of trusted execution environments (TEEs), such as Intel SGX-enabled CPUs. First, we show how using TEEs for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-17 Mitar Milutinovic , Warren He , Howard Wu , Maxinder Kanwal

The consensus protocol is the core of a blockchain system which guarantees its secure and stable operation. Proof of Activity (PoA) is a consensus protocol that tries to address some of the issues pertinent to the most widely used…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Sina Kamali , Shayan Shabihi , Mohammad Taha Fakharian , Alireza Arbabi , Pouriya Tajmehrabi , Mohammad Saadati , Behnam Bahrak

Owing to some special characteristics and features, blockchain is a very useful technique that can securely organize diverse devices in a smart city. It finds wide applications, especially in distributed environments, where entities such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Jiahui Chen , Wensheng Gan , Muchuang Hu , Chien-Ming Chen

A problem of developing the consensus protocols in public blockchain systems which spend a combination of energy and space resources is addressed. A technique is proposed that provides a flexibility for selection of the energy and space…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Miodrag J. Mihaljevic

We improve the fundamental security threshold of eventual consensus Proof-of-Stake (PoS) blockchain protocols under the longest-chain rule by showing, for the first time, the positive effect of rounds with concurrent honest leaders. Current…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Aggelos Kiayias , Saad Quader , Alexander Russell

Current blockchain protocols (e.g., Proof-of-Work and Proof-of-Stake) secure the ledger yet cannot measure validator trustworthiness, allowing subtle misconduct that is especially damaging in decentralized-finance (DeFi) settings. We…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Ailiya Borjigin , Wei Zhou , Cong He

Proof-of-Work (PoW) systems face critical challenges, including excessive energy consumption and the centralization of mining power among entities with expensive hardware. Static mining pools exacerbate these issues by reducing competition…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Rizwanul Haque , SM Tareq Aziz , Tahrim Hossain , Faisal Haque Bappy , Muhammad Nur Yanhaona , Tariqul Islam

Blockchain technology is a breakthrough in changing the ways of business and organization operations, in which the consensus problem is challenging with practical constraints, such as computational power and consensus standard. In this…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Yuqi Xie , Changbing Tang , Feilong Lin , Guanrong Chen , Zhao Zhang , Zhonglong Zheng

Consensus algorithms are central to blockchain technology and an emerging research area. In this paper, we begin with an overview of the different types and architectures of blockchain networks. Then, with a focus on consortium blockchains,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-09-28 Wei Yao , Fadi P. Deek , Renita Murimi , Guiling Wang

Since the inception of Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies and the underlying blockchain technology have attracted an increasing interest from both academia and industry. Among various core components, consensus protocol is the defining technology…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Yang Xiao , Ning Zhang , Wenjing Lou , Y. Thomas Hou

Consensus mechanism is the core technology for blockchain to ensure that transactions are executed in sequence. It also determines the decentralization, security, and efficiency of blockchain. Existing mechanisms all have certain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Chenxi Xiong , Ting Yang , Yu Wang , Bing Dong

To address the large amount of energy wasted by blockchains, we propose a decentralized consensus protocol for blockchains in which the computation can be used to search for good approximate solutions to any optimization problem. Our…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Naoki Shibata

The introduction of Bitcoin fueled the development of blockchain-based resilient data management systems that are resilient against failures, enable federated data management, and can support data provenance. The key factor determining the…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Jelle Hellings , Suyash Gupta , Sajjad Rahnama , Mohammad Sadoghi

Recently, the blockchain technique was put in the spotlight as it introduced a systematic approach for multiple parties to reach consensus without needing trust. However, the application of this technique in practice is severely restricted…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-07-17 Zhijie Ren , Kelong Cong , Johan Pouwelse , Zekeriya Erkin

The blockchain data structure maintained via the longest-chain rule---popularized by Bitcoin---is a powerful algorithmic tool for consensus algorithms. Such algorithms achieve consistency for blocks in the chain as a function of their depth…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Erica Blum , Aggelos Kiayias , Cristopher Moore , Saad Quader , Alexander Russell

In blockchain systems, especially cryptographic currencies such as Bitcoin, the double-spending and Byzantine-general-like problem are solved by reaching consensus protocols among all nodes. The state-of-the-art protocols include…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Jianwen Chen , Kai Duan , Rumin Zhang , Liaoyuan Zeng , Wenyi Wang

Resource-based consensus is the backbone of permissionless distributed ledger systems. The security of such protocols relies fundamentally on the level of resources actively engaged in the system. The variety of different resources (and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Matthias Fitzi , Xuechao Wang , Sreeram Kannan , Aggelos Kiayias , Nikos Leonardos , Pramod Viswanath , Gerui Wang

The distributed consensus mechanism is the backbone of the rapidly developing blockchain network. Blockchain platforms consume vast amounts of electricity based on the current consensus mechanism of Proof of Work. Here, we point out an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Xiaoyang Shi , Hang Xiao , Weifeng Liu , Xi Chen , Klaus. S. Lackner , Vitalik Buterin , Thomas F. Stocker

Blockchain technology has revolutionized the digital landscape, driving innovations across industries through its decentralized and transparent infrastructure. These networks are primarily categorized as public or private, based on user…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Mohammad Pishdar , Jawad Manzoor