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The history of learning for control has been an exciting back and forth between two broad classes of algorithms: planning and reinforcement learning. Planning algorithms effectively reason over long horizons, but assume access to a local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Benjamin Eysenbach , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sergey Levine

Knowledge Tracing (KT) is to trace the knowledge of students as they solve a sequence of problems represented by their related skills. This involves abstract concepts of students' states of knowledge and the interactions between those…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-09 Jinseok Lee , Dit-Yan Yeung

Graphs are a natural representation for systems based on relations between connected entities. Combinatorial optimization problems, which arise when considering an objective function related to a process of interest on discrete structures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Victor-Alexandru Darvariu , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

The goal of Knowledge Tracing (KT) is to estimate how well students have mastered a concept based on their historical learning of related exercises. The benefit of knowledge tracing is that students' learning plans can be better organised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Xiangyu Song , Jianxin Li , Qi Lei , Wei Zhao , Yunliang Chen , Ajmal Mian

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) provides an efficient way for simultaneously learning policies for multiple agents interacting with each other. However, in scenarios requiring complex interactions, existing algorithms can suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xiaobai Ma , David Isele , Jayesh K. Gupta , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Reverse thinking plays a crucial role in human reasoning. Humans can reason not only from a problem to a solution but also in reverse, i.e., start from the solution and reason towards the problem. This often enhances overall reasoning…

State-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive problem-solving capabilities but may struggle with complex reasoning and factual correctness. Existing methods harness the strengths of chain-of-thought and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Xingxuan Li , Weiwen Xu , Ruochen Zhao , Fangkai Jiao , Shafiq Joty , Lidong Bing

Learners sharing similar implicit cognitive states often display comparable observable problem-solving performances. Leveraging collaborative connections among such similar learners proves valuable in comprehending human learning. Motivated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Weibo Gao , Qi Liu , Linan Yue , Fangzhou Yao , Hao Wang , Yin Gu , Zheng Zhang

Recent studies show that the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be improved by applying Reinforcement Learning (RL) to question-answering (QA) tasks in areas such as math and coding. With a long context length, LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Stephen Chung , Wenyu Du , Jie Fu

Generating high-quality MCQs, especially those targeting diverse cognitive levels and incorporating common misconceptions into distractor design, is time-consuming and expertise-intensive, making manual creation impractical at scale.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Nicy Scaria , Silvester John Joseph Kennedy , Diksha Seth , Ananya Thakur , Deepak Subramani

This paper addresses the problems of missing reasoning chains and insufficient entity-level semantic understanding in large language models when dealing with tasks that require structured knowledge. It proposes a fine-tuning algorithm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Wuyang Zhang , Yexin Tian , Xiandong Meng , Mengjie Wang , Junliang Du

Despite advances in deep learning for education, student knowledge tracing and behavior modeling face persistent challenges: limited personalization, inadequate modeling of diverse learning activities (especially non-assessed materials),…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Soroush Hashemifar , Sherry Sahebi

Research on reasoning in language models (LMs) predominantly focuses on improving the correctness of their outputs. But some important applications require modeling reasoning patterns that are incorrect. For example, automated systems that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alexis Ross , Jacob Andreas

Tracing a student's knowledge growth given the past exercise answering is a vital objective in automatic tutoring systems to customize the learning experience. Yet, achieving this objective is a non-trivial task as it involves modeling the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Seif Gad , Sherif Abdelfattah , Ghodai Abdelrahman

Automated planning is a form of declarative problem solving which has recently drawn attention from the machine learning (ML) community. ML has been applied to planning either as a way to test `reasoning capabilities' of architectures, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Dillon Z. Chen , Rostislav Horčík , Gustav Šír

Student commitment towards a learning recommendation is not separable from their understanding of the reasons it was recommended to them; and their ability to modify it based on that understanding. Among explainability approaches, chatbots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-25 Hasan Abu-Rasheed , Mohamad Hussam Abdulsalam , Christian Weber , Madjid Fathi

We provide ongoing results from the development of a personalized learning system integrated into a serious game. Given limited instructor resources, the use of computerized systems to help tutor students offers a way to provide higher…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Ying Tang , Ryan Hare

In this paper we propose a novel approach based on knowledge graphs to provide timely access to structured information, to enable actionable technology intelligence, and improve cyber-physical systems planning. Our framework encompasses a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Frank Wawrzik , Matthias Plaue , Savan Vekariya , Christoph Grimm

Online learning with expert advice is widely used in various machine learning tasks. It considers the problem where a learner chooses one from a set of experts to take advice and make a decision. In many learning problems, experts may be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-17 Pouya M Ghari , Yanning Shen

Large language models can generate fluent explanations, but effective tutoring requires supporting the learner's thought process, not just delivering content. Metacognitive tutoring targets this gap by prompting planning, monitoring,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Naiming Liu , Richard Baraniuk , Shashank Sonkar
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