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Saliency methods compute heat maps that highlight portions of an input that were most {\em important} for the label assigned to it by a deep net. Evaluations of saliency methods convert this heat map into a new {\em masked input} by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-08 Arushi Gupta , Nikunj Saunshi , Dingli Yu , Kaifeng Lyu , Sanjeev Arora

Saliency methods aim to explain the predictions of deep neural networks. These methods lack reliability when the explanation is sensitive to factors that do not contribute to the model prediction. We use a simple and common pre-processing…

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have gained prominence for their ability to process graph-structured data across various domains. However, interpreting GNN decisions remains a significant challenge, leading to the adoption of saliency maps for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-09-04 Shuichi Nishino , Tomohiro Shiraishi , Teruyuki Katsuoka , Ichiro Takeuchi

The success of machine learning methods for computer vision tasks has driven a surge in computer assisted prediction for medicine and biology. Based on a data-driven relationship between input image and pathological classification, these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-02 Dimitrios Lenis , David Major , Maria Wimmer , Astrid Berg , Gert Sluiter , Katja Bühler

Image saliency detection has recently witnessed rapid progress due to deep convolutional neural networks. However, none of the existing methods is able to identify object instances in the detected salient regions. In this paper, we present…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-13 Guanbin Li , Yuan Xie , Liang Lin , Yizhou Yu

The need for Explainable AI is increasing with the development of deep learning. The saliency maps derived from convolutional neural networks generally fail in localizing with accuracy the image features justifying the network prediction.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-09 Alexandre Englebert , Olivier Cornu , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

Linear Programs (LPs) have been one of the building blocks in machine learning and have championed recent strides in differentiable optimizers for learning systems. While there exist solvers for even high-dimensional LPs, understanding said…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Florian Peter Busch , Matej Zečević , Kristian Kersting , Devendra Singh Dhami

We propose to employ a saliency-driven hierarchical neural image compression network for a machine-to-machine communication scenario following the compress-then-analyze paradigm. By that, different areas of the image are coded at different…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Kristian Fischer , Fabian Brand , Christian Blum , André Kaup

Neural Networks are the state of the art for many tasks in the computer vision domain, including Writer Identification (WI) and Writer Verification (WV). The transparency of these "black box" systems is important for improvements of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Viktoria Pundy , Marco Peer , Florian Kleber

We propose a novel neural network architecture for visual saliency detections, which utilizes neurophysiologically plausible mechanisms for extraction of salient regions. The model has been significantly inspired by recent findings from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-04-13 Natalia Efremova , Sergey Tarasenko

Various saliency map methods have been proposed to interpret and explain predictions of deep learning models. Saliency maps allow us to interpret which parts of the input signals have a strong influence on the prediction results. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-01-09 Daiki Miwa , Vo Nguyen Le Duy , Ichiro Takeuchi

Despite the tremendous achievements of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in many computer vision tasks, understanding how they actually work remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we propose a novel two-step understanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-02 Heyi Li , Yunke Tian , Klaus Mueller , Xin Chen

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) offer great machine learning performance over a range of applications, but their operation is hard to interpret, even for experts. Various explanation algorithms have been proposed to address this issue,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Ahmed Alqaraawi , Martin Schuessler , Philipp Weiß , Enrico Costanza , Nadia Berthouze

Saliency methods seek to explain the predictions of a model by producing an importance map across each input sample. A popular class of such methods is based on backpropagating a signal and analyzing the resulting gradient. Despite much…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi , Ruth Fong , Xu Ji , Andrea Vedaldi

In the past years, deep convolutional neural networks have been pushing the frontier of face recognition (FR) techniques in both verification and identification scenarios. Despite the high accuracy, they are often criticized for lacking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Yuhang Lu , Zewei Xu , Touradj Ebrahimi

Image retargeting is the task of making images capable of being displayed on screens with different sizes. This work should be done so that high-level visual information and low-level features such as texture remain as intact as possible to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Mahdi Ahmadi , Nader Karimi , Shadrokh Samavi

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an essential diagnostic tool for assessing knee injuries. However, manual interpretation of MRI slices remains time-consuming and prone to inter-observer variability. This study presents a systematic…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-22 Justin Yiu , Kushank Arora , Daniel Steinberg , Rohit Ghiya

Methods based on class activation maps (CAM) provide a simple mechanism to interpret predictions of convolutional neural networks by using linear combinations of feature maps as saliency maps. By contrast, masking-based methods optimize a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Hanwei Zhang , Felipe Torres , Ronan Sicre , Yannis Avrithis , Stephane Ayache

Understanding specifically where a model focuses on within an image is critical for human interpretability of the decision-making process. Deep learning-based solutions are prone to learning coincidental correlations in training datasets,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Aidan Boyd , Mohamed Trabelsi , Huseyin Uzunalioglu , Dan Kushnir

The field of eXplainable artificial intelligence (XAI) has produced a plethora of methods (e.g., saliency-maps) to gain insight into artificial intelligence (AI) models, and has exploded with the rise of deep learning (DL). However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Marvin Pafla , Kate Larson , Mark Hancock
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