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Many important problems in the real world don't have unique solutions. It is thus important for machine learning models to be capable of proposing different plausible solutions with meaningful probability measures. In this work we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Di Qiu , Lok Ming Lui

Reinforcement learning (RL) on high-dimensional and complex problems relies on abstraction for improved efficiency and generalization. In this paper, we study abstraction in the continuous-control setting, and extend the definition of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Prakash Panangaden , Sahand Rezaei-Shoshtari , Rosie Zhao , David Meger , Doina Precup

Distance metric learning (DML) approaches learn a transformation to a representation space where distance is in correspondence with a predefined notion of similarity. While such models offer a number of compelling benefits, it has been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-03 Oren Rippel , Manohar Paluri , Piotr Dollar , Lubomir Bourdev

Training reinforcement learning (RL) agents using scalar reward signals is often infeasible when an environment has sparse and non-Markovian rewards. Moreover, handcrafting these reward functions before training is prone to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Alessandro Abate , Yousif Almulla , James Fox , David Hyland , Michael Wooldridge

Dimensionality reduction methods are unsupervised approaches which learn low-dimensional spaces where some properties of the initial space, typically the notion of "neighborhood", are preserved. Such methods usually require propagation on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Yannis Kalantidis , Carlos Lassance , Jon Almazan , Diane Larlus

This paper investigates robust representation learning in offline goal-conditioned reinforcement learning (GCRL). Particularly in sparse reward scenarios, learning representations that align state and goal latents is a challenge that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Valliappan Chidambaram Adaikkappan , David Meger , Sai Rajeswar , Pietro Mazzaglia

In the pursuit of reducing the number of trainable parameters in deep transformer networks, we employ Reinforcement Learning to dynamically select layers during training and tie them together. Every few iterations, the RL agent is asked…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Tamir David Hay , Lior Wolf

State-space models (SSMs) offer a powerful framework for dynamical system analysis, wherein the temporal dynamics of the system are assumed to be captured through the evolution of the latent states, which govern the values of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-12-17 Jiahe Lin , George Michailidis

Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) has demonstrated success in solving complex sequential decision-making problems by integrating neural networks with the RL framework. However, training deep RL models poses several challenges, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sooraj Sathish , Keshav Goyal , Raghuram Bharadwaj Diddigi

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) offer attractive advantages over Auto-Regressive (AR) models, such as full-attention parallel decoding and flexible generation. However, standard DLM training uses a static, single-step masked prediction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zehua Pei , Hui-Ling Zhen , Weizhe Lin , Sinno Jialin Pan , Yunhe Wang , Mingxuan Yuan , Bei Yu

In typical reinforcement learning (RL), the environment is assumed given and the goal of the learning is to identify an optimal policy for the agent taking actions through its interactions with the environment. In this paper, we extend this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-25 Haifeng Zhang , Jun Wang , Zhiming Zhou , Weinan Zhang , Ying Wen , Yong Yu , Wenxin Li

In this work we investigate a specific transfer learning approach for deep reinforcement learning in the context where the internal dynamics between two tasks are the same but the visual representations differ. We learn a low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-24 Geoffrey van Driessel , Vincent Francois-Lavet

Deep reinforcement learning has demonstrated remarkable achievements across diverse domains such as video games, robotic control, autonomous driving, and drug discovery. Common methodologies in partially-observable domains largely lean on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Michael Lanier , Ying Xu , Nathan Jacobs , Chongjie Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik

Recent improvements in deep reinforcement learning have allowed to solve problems in many 2D domains such as Atari games. However, in complex 3D environments, numerous learning episodes are required which may be too time consuming or even…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-12-13 Nicolas Bougie , Ryutaro Ichise

Gradient descent typically converges to a single minimum of the training loss without mechanisms to explore alternative minima that may generalize better. Searching for diverse minima directly in high-dimensional parameter space is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Akshay Vegesna , Samip Dahal

Intrinsic motivation and reward shaping guide reinforcement learning (RL) agents by adding pseudo-rewards, which can lead to useful emergent behaviors. However, they can also encourage counterproductive exploits, e.g., fixation with noisy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Aly Lidayan , Michael Dennis , Stuart Russell

An ongoing challenge in neural information processing is: how do neurons adjust their connectivity to improve task performance over time (i.e., actualize learning)? It is widely believed that there is a consistent, synaptic-level learning…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Aman Bhargava , Mohammad R. Rezaei , Milad Lankarany

Latent prediction--where agents learn by predicting their own latents--has emerged as a powerful paradigm for training general representations in machine learning. In reinforcement learning (RL), this approach has been explored to define…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Marco Bagatella , Matteo Pirotta , Ahmed Touati , Alessandro Lazaric , Andrea Tirinzoni

The goal of supervised representation learning is to construct effective data representations for prediction. Among all the characteristics of an ideal nonparametric representation of high-dimensional complex data, sufficiency, low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-02 Jian Huang , Yuling Jiao , Xu Liao , Jin Liu , Zhou Yu

Deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents that exist in high-dimensional state spaces, such as those composed of images, have interconnected learning burdens. Agents must learn an action-selection policy that completes their given task, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Trevor McInroe , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht