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In the last decade, deep learning has achieved great success in machine learning tasks where the input data is represented with different levels of abstractions. Driven by the recent research in reinforcement learning using deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Dejan Markovikj

Current approaches in Explainable Deep Reinforcement Learning have limitations in which the attention mask has a displacement with the objects in visual input. This work addresses a spatial problem within traditional Convolutional Neural…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Tien Pham , Angelo Cangelosi

Two key challenges within Reinforcement Learning involve improving (a) agent learning within environments with sparse extrinsic rewards and (b) the explainability of agent actions. We describe a curious subgoal focused agent to address both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Connor van Rossum , Candice Feinberg , Adam Abu Shumays , Kyle Baxter , Benedek Bartha

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents often exhibit learning behaviors that are not intuitively interpretable by human observers, which can result in suboptimal feedback in collaborative teaching settings. Yet, how humans perceive and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Bernhard Hilpert , Muhan Hou , Kim Baraka , Joost Broekens

In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach to enhancing Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) through the integration of domain knowledge and attention-based policy mechanisms. Our methodology focuses on the incorporation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Andre R Kuroswiski , Annie S Wu , Angelo Passaro

Deep reinforcement learning (DeepRL) agents surpass human-level performance in many tasks. However, the direct mapping from states to actions makes it hard to interpret the rationale behind the decision-making of the agents. In contrast to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhao Yang , Song Bai , Li Zhang , Philip H. S. Torr

As deep reinforcement learning driven by visual perception becomes more widely used there is a growing need to better understand and probe the learned agents. Understanding the decision making process and its relationship to visual inputs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Christian Rupprecht , Cyril Ibrahim , Christopher J. Pal

Robust and efficient learning remains a challenging problem in robotics, in particular with complex visual inputs. Inspired by human attention mechanism, with which we quickly process complex visual scenes and react to changes in the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-30 Daniel Scheuchenstuhl , Stefan Ulmer , Felix Resch , Luigi Berducci , Radu Grosu

Decision-making AI agents are often faced with two important challenges: the depth of the planning horizon, and the branching factor due to having many choices. Hierarchical reinforcement learning methods aim to solve the first problem, by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Andrei Nica , Khimya Khetarpal , Doina Precup

Reinforcement Learning faces an important challenge in partial observable environments that has long-term dependencies. In order to learn in an ambiguous environment, an agent has to keep previous perceptions in a memory. Earlier memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Alper Demir

Imitation can be viewed as a means of enhancing learning in multiagent environments. It augments an agent's ability to learn useful behaviors by making intelligent use of the knowledge implicit in behaviors demonstrated by cooperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-06-06 C. Boutilier , B. Price

Online reinforcement learning agents are currently able to process an increasing amount of data by converting it into a higher order value functions. This expansion of the information collected from the environment increases the agent's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Mirza Ramicic , Andrea Bonarini

We present an interpretability framework for unsupervised reinforcement learning (URL) agents, aimed at understanding how intrinsic motivation shapes attention, behavior, and representation learning. We analyze five agents DQN, RND, ICM,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Shashwat Pandey

Autonomous and learning systems based on Deep Reinforcement Learning have firmly established themselves as a foundation for approaches to creating resilient and efficient Cyber-Physical Energy Systems. However, most current approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Eric MSP Veith , Torben Logemann , Aleksandr Berezin , Arlena Wellßow , Stephan Balduin

In many, if not every realistic sequential decision-making task, the decision-making agent is not able to model the full complexity of the world. The environment is often much larger and more complex than the agent, a setting also known as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Ruo Yu Tao , Adam White , Marlos C. Machado

Self-trained autonomous agents developed using machine learning are showing great promise in a variety of control settings, perhaps most remarkably in applications involving autonomous vehicles. The main challenge associated with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Patrik Hammersborg , Inga Strümke

Autonomous artificial agents must be able to learn behaviors in complex environments without humans to design tasks and rewards. Designing these functions for each environment is not feasible, thus, motivating the development of intrinsic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Alana Santana , Paula P. Costa , Esther L. Colombini

Intelligent agents must pursue their goals in complex environments with partial information and often limited computational capacity. Reinforcement learning methods have achieved great success by creating agents that optimize engineered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Alejandro Daniel Noel , Charel van Hoof , Beren Millidge

Joint attention - the ability to purposefully coordinate attention with another agent, and mutually attend to the same thing -- is a critical component of human social cognition. In this paper, we ask whether joint attention can be useful…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Dennis Lee , Natasha Jaques , Chase Kew , Jiaxing Wu , Douglas Eck , Dale Schuurmans , Aleksandra Faust

Reinforcement learning often uses neural networks to solve complex control tasks. However, neural networks are sensitive to input perturbations, which makes their deployment in safety-critical environments challenging. This work lifts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Manuel Wendl , Lukas Koller , Tobias Ladner , Matthias Althoff