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Understanding magnetic field strength and morphology is very important for studying astrophysical jets. Polarization signatures have been a standard way to probe the jet magnetic field. Radio and optical polarization monitoring programs…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-08-10 Haocheng Zhang

The lower energy peak of the spectral energy distribution of blazars has commonly been ascribed to synchrotron radiation from relativistic particles in the jets. Despite the consensus regarding jet emission processes, the particle…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-02 Riccardo Middei , Matteo Perri , Simonetta Puccetti , Ioannis Liodakis , Laura Di Gesu , Alan P. Marscher , Nicole Rodriguez Cavero , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Immacolata Donnarumma , Marco Laurenti , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Iván Agudo , Herman L. Marshall , Luigi Pacciani , Dawoon E. Kim , Francisco José Aceituno , Giacomo Bonnoli , Víctor Casanova , Beatriz Agís-González , Alfredo Sota , Carolina Casadio , Juan Escudero , Ioannis Myserlis , Albrecht Sievers , Pouya M. Kouch , Elina Lindfors , Mark Gurwell , Garrett K. Keating , Ramprasad Rao , Sincheol Kang , Sang-Sung Lee , Sang-Hyun Kim , Whee Yeon Cheong , Hyeon-Woo Jeong , Emmanouil Angelakis , Alexander Kraus , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stefano Bianchi , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Niccolò Di Lalla , Alessandro Di Marco , Victor Doroshenko , Michal Dovčiak , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. García , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Henric Krawczynski , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Fabio Muleri , Michela Negro , Chi-Yung Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Juri Poutanen , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgrò , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

We conducted a polarimetry campaign from radio to X-ray wavelengths of the high-synchrotron-peak (HSP) blazar Mrk 421, including Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) measurements on 2022 December 6-8. We detected X-ray polarization of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-01-10 Dawoon E. Kim , Laura Di Gesu , Ioannis Liodakis , Alan P. Marscher , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Riccardo Midde , Herman L. Marshall , Luigi Pacciani , Iván Agudo , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Nicolò Cibrario , Stefano Tugliani , Raffaella Bonino , Michela Negro , Simonetta Puccetti , Francesco Tombesi , Enrico Costa , Immacolata Donnarumma , Paolo Soffitta , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Yasushi Fukazawa , Koji S. Kawabata , Tatsuya Nakaoka , Makoto Uemura , Ryo Imazawa , Mahito Sasada , Hiroshi Akitaya , Francisco Josè Aceituno , Giacomo Bonnoli , Vìctor Casanova , Ioannis Myserlis , Albrecht Sievers , Emmanouil Angelakis , Alexander Kraus , Whee Yeon Cheong , Hyeon-Woo Jeong , Sincheol Kang , Sang-Hyun Kim , Sang-Sung Lee , Beatriz Agìs-Gonzàlez , Alfredo Sota , Juan Escudero , Mark Gurwell , Garrett K. Keating , Ramprasad Rao , Pouya M. Kouch , Elina Lindfors , Ioakeim G. Bourbah , Sebastian Kiehlmann , Evangelos Kontopodis , Nikos Mandarakas , Stylianos Romanopoulos , Raphael Skalidis , Anna Vervelaki , Sergey S. Savchenko , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stefano Bianchi , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Niccolò Di Lalla , Alessandro Di Marco , Victor Doroshenko , Michal Dovčiak , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. Garcia , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Henric Krawczynski , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Fabio Muleri , C. -Y. Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Juri Poutanen , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgrò , Patrick Slane , Gloria Spandre , Doug Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

The blazar Markarian 501 (Mrk 501) was observed on three occasions over a 4-month period between 2022 March and 2022 July with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). In this paper, we report for the first time on the third IXPE…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-11 L. Lisalda , E. Gau , H. Krawczynski , F. Tavecchio , I. Liodakis , A. Gokus , N. Rodriguez Cavero , M. Nowak , M. Negro , R. Middei , M. Perri , S. Puccetti , S. G. Jorstad , I. Agudo , A. P. Marscher , B. Agís-González , A. V. Berdyugin , M. I. Bernardos , D. Blinov , G. Bonnoli , G. A. Borman , I. G. Bourbah , C. Casadio , V. Casanova , A. J. Castro-Tirado , E. Fernández-García , M. García-Comas , T. S. Grishina , P. Hakala , T. Hovatta , Y. D. Hu , C. Husillos , J. Escudero , J. Jormanainen , F. José Aceituno , M. Kagitani , S. Kiehlmann , E. Kontopodis , E. N. Kopatskaya , P. M. Kouch , V. Kravtsov , A. Lähteenmäki , E. G. Larionova , E. Lindfors , N. Mandarakas , A. Marchini , J. R. Masiero , D. Mawet , W. Max-Moerbeck , D. A. Morozova , I. Myserlis , K. Nilsson , G. V. Panopoulou , T. J. Pearson , A. C. S. Readhead , R. Reeves , S. Romanopoulos , T. Sakanoi , Q. Salomé , S. S. Savchenko , R. Skalidis , A. Sota , I. Syrjärinne , S. Tinyanont , M. Tornikoski , Yu. V. Troitskaya , I. S. Troitskiy , A. A. Vasilyev , A. Vervelaki , A. V. Zhovtan , L. A. Antonelli , M. Bachetti , L. Baldini , W. H. Baumgartner , R. Bellazzini , S. Bianchi , S. D. Bongiorno , R. Bonino , A. Brez , N. Bucciantini , F. Capitanio , S. Castellano , E. Cavazzuti , C. Chen , S. Ciprini , E. Costa , A. De Rosa , E. Del Monte , L. Di Gesu , N. Di Lalla , A. Di Marco , I. Donnarumma , V. Doroshenko , M. Dovčiak , S. R. Ehlert , T. Enoto , Y. Evangelista , S. Fabiani , R. Ferrazzoli , J. A. Garcia , S. Gunji , M. Gurwell , K. Hayashida , J. Heyl , W. Iwakiri , P. Kaaret , V. Karas , G. Keating , F. Kislat , T. Kitaguchi , J. J. Kolodziejczak , F. La Monaca , L. Latronico , S. Maldera , A. Manfreda , F. Marin , A. Marinucci , H. L. Marshall , F. Massaro , G. Matt , I. Mitsuishi , T. Mizuno , F. Muleri , C. Ng , S. L. O'Dell , N. Omodei , C. Oppedisano , A. Papitto , G. G. Pavlov , A. L. Peirson , M. Pesce-Rollins , P. Petrucci , M. Pilia , A. Possenti , J. Poutanen , B. D. Ramsey , J. Rankin , R. Rao , A. Ratheesh , O. J. Roberts , R. W. Romani , C. Sgrò , P. Slane , P. Soffitta , G. Spandre , D. A. Swartz , T. Tamagawa , R. Taverna , Y. Tawara , A. F. Tennant , N. E. Thomas , F. Tombesi , A. Trois , S. S. Tsygankov , R. Turolla , J. Vink , M. C. Weisskopf , K. Wu , F. Xie , S. Zane

In this paper we propose a way to use optical polarisation observations to provide independent constraints and guide to the modelling of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of blazars, which is particularly useful when two-zone models…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-19 Ulisses Barres de Almeida , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Nijil Mankuzhiyil

Over the next year, a new era of observations of compact objects in X-ray polarization will commence. Among the key targets for the upcoming Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer mission, will be the magnetars 4U 0142+61 and 1RXS…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-22 Ilaria Caiazzo , Denis González-Caniulef , Jeremy Heyl , Rodrigo Fernández

IXPE has enabled the X-ray polarizations of many blazars to be measured. We analyze X-ray spectropolarimetric data for all high synchrotron peaked blazars observations published by the IXPE team. We find that there are no statistically…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-06-23 M. Lynne Saade , Steven Ehlert , Ioannis Liodakis , Philip Kaaret , Fabrizio Tavecchio

The magnetic field conditions in astrophysical relativistic jets can be probed by multiwavelength polarimetry, which has been recently extended to X-rays. For example, one can track how the magnetic field changes in the flow of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-05-24 Laura Di Gesu , Herman L. Marshall , Steven R. Ehlert , Dawoon E. Kim , Immacolata Donnarumma , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Ioannis Liodakis , Sebastian Kiehlmann , Iván Agudo , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Fabio Muleri , Alan P. Marscher , Simonetta Puccetti , Riccardo Middei , Matteo Perri , Luigi Pacciani , Michela Negro , Roger W. Romani , Alessandro Di Marco , Dmitry Blinov , Ioakeim G. Bourbah , Evangelos Kontopodis , Nikos Mandarakas , Stylianos Romanopoulos , Raphael Skalidis , Anna Vervelaki , Carolina Casadio , Juan Escudero , Ioannis Myserlis , Mark Gurwell , Ramprasad Rao , Garrett Keating , Pouya M. Kouch , Elina Lindfors , Francisco Josè Aceituno , Maria I. Bernardos , Giacomo Bonnoli , Vìctor Casanova , Maya Garcìa-Comas , Beatriz Agìs-Gonzàlez , Cèsar Husillos , Alessandro Marchini , Alfredo Sota , Ryo Imazawa , Mahito Sasada , Yasushi Fukazawa , Koji S. Kawabata , Makoto Uemura , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Tatsuya Nakaoka , Hiroshi Akitaya , Sergey S. Savchenko , Andrey A. Vasilyev , Josè L. Gòmez , Lucio A. Antonelli , Thibault Barnouin , Raffaella Bonino , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Luigi Costamante , Chien-Ting Chen , Nicolò Cibrario , Alessandra De Rosa , Federico Di Pierro , Manel Errando , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Henric Krawczynski , Lindsey Lisalda , Grzegorz Madejski , Christian Malacaria , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Stephen L. O'Dell , Alessandro Paggi , Abel L. Peirson , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Brian D. Ramsey , Allyn F. Tennant , Kinwah Wu , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stefano Bianchi , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Ettore Del Monte , Niccolò Di Lalla , Victor Doroshenko , Michal Dovčiak , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. Garcia , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , C. -Y. Ng , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Juri Poutanen , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver J. Roberts , Carmelo Sgrò , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Nicholas E. Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

X-ray polarization measurable with the imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (\textit{IXPE}) could constrain the long-debated leptonic versus hadronic origin of the high-energy component in the broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-23 Athira M Bharathan , C S Stalin , Sunder Sahayanathan , Blesson Mathew

Polarimetry is widely considered a powerful observational technique in X-ray astronomy, useful to enhance our understanding of the emission mechanisms, geometry and magnetic field arrangement of many compact objects. However, the lack of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-28 Ronaldo Bellazzini , Fabio Muleri

Accreting X-ray pulsars (XRPs) are presumably ideal targets for polarization measurements, as their high magnetic field strength is expected to polarize the emission up to a polarization degree of ~80%. However, such expectations are being…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-12 Christian Malacaria , Jeremy Heyl , Victor Doroshenko , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Juri Poutanen , Sofia V. Forsblom , Fiamma Capitanio , Alessandro Di Marco , Yujia Du , Lorenzo Ducci , Fabio La Monaca , Alexander A. Lutovinov , Herman L. Marshall , Ilya A. Mereminskiy , Sergey V. Molkov , Mason Ng , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Andrea Santangelo , Andrey E. Shtykovsky , Valery F. Suleimanov , Ivan Agudo , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stefano Bianchi , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolo Bucciantini , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Niccolo Di Lalla , Immacolata Donnarumma , Michal Dovciak , Steven R. Ehlert , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. Garcia , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak1 , Henric Krawczynski , Luca Latronico , Ioannis Liodakis , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frederic Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Alan P. Marscher , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Fabio Muleri , Michela Negro , Chi-Yung Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgro , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

Time-variable polarization is an extremely valuable observational tool to probe the dynamical physical conditions of blazar jets. Since 2008, we have been monitoring the flux and linear polarization of a sample of gamma-ray bright blazars…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-04 Alan P. Marscher , Svetlana G. Jorstad

We present polarization measurements in the $2-8 \thinspace \mathrm{keV}$ band from blazar 1ES 0229+200, the first extreme high synchrotron peaked source to be observed by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Combining two…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-04 Steven R. Ehlert , Ioannis Liodakis , Riccardo Middei , Alan P. Marscher , Fabrizio Tavecchio , Iván Agudo , Pouya M. Kouch , Elina Lindfors , Kari Nilsson , Ioannis Myserlis , Mark Gurwell , Ramprasad Rao , Francisco Jose Aceituno , Giacomo Bonnoli , Victor Casanova , Beatriz Agiz-Gonzalez , Juan Escudero , Jorge Otero Santos , Alfredo Sota , Emmanouil Angelakis , Alexander Kraus , Garrett K. Keating , Lucio A. Antonelli , Matteo Bachetti , Luca Baldini , Wayne H. Baumgartner , Ronaldo Bellazzini , Stefano Bianchi , Stephen D. Bongiorno , Raffaella Bonino , Alessandro Brez , Niccolò Bucciantini , Fiamma Capitanio , Simone Castellano , Elisabetta Cavazzuti , Chien-Ting Chen , Stefano Ciprini , Enrico Costa , Alessandra De Rosa , Ettore Del Monte , Laura Di Gesu , Niccolò Di Lalla , Alessandro Di Marco , Immacolata Donnarumma , Victor Doroshenko , Michal Dovčiak , Teruaki Enoto , Yuri Evangelista , Sergio Fabiani , Riccardo Ferrazzoli , Javier A. Garcia , Shuichi Gunji , Kiyoshi Hayashida , Jeremy Heyl , Wataru Iwakiri , Svetlana G. Jorstad , Philip Kaaret , Vladimir Karas , Fabian Kislat , Takao Kitaguchi , Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak , Henric Krawczynski , Fabio La Monaca , Luca Latronico , Simone Maldera , Alberto Manfreda , Frédéric Marin , Andrea Marinucci , Herman L. Marshall , Francesco Massaro , Giorgio Matt , Ikuyuki Mitsuishi , Tsunefumi Mizuno , Fabio Muleri , Michela Negro , C. -Y. Ng , Stephen L. O'Dell , Nicola Omodei , Chiara Oppedisano , Alessandro Papitto , George G. Pavlov , Abel L. Peirson , Matteo Perri , Melissa Pesce-Rollins , Pierre-Olivier Petrucci , Maura Pilia , Andrea Possenti , Juri Poutanen , Simonetta Puccetti , Brian D. Ramsey , John Rankin , Ajay Ratheesh , Oliver J. Roberts , Roger W. Romani , Carmelo Sgro , Patrick Slane , Paolo Soffitta , Gloria Spandre , Douglas A. Swartz , Toru Tamagawa , Roberto Taverna , Yuzuru Tawara , Allyn F. Tennant , Nicholas E. Thomas , Francesco Tombesi , Alessio Trois , Sergey S. Tsygankov , Roberto Turolla , Jacco Vink , Martin C. Weisskopf , Kinwah Wu , Fei Xie , Silvia Zane

To determine if the recently launched Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) can follow the polarization variations induced by different particle acceleration mechanisms in blazars jets we simulate observations of a high synchrotron peak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-29 L. Di Gesu , F. Tavecchio , I. Donnarumma , A. Marscher , M. Pesce-Rollins , M. Landoni

The development of multi-layer optics which allow to focus photons up to 100 keV and more promises an enormous jump in sensitivity in the hard X-ray energy band. This technology is already planned to be exploited by future missions…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Fabio Muleri , Riccardo Campana

X-ray polarimetry is a fine tool to probe the accretion geometry and physical processes operating in the proximity of compact objects, black holes and neutron stars. Recent discoveries made by the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer put our…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-19 Anagha P. Nitindala , Alexandra Veledina , Juri Poutanen

We present the first multi-wavelength study of Mrk 501 including very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations simultaneous to X-ray polarization measurements from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). We use radio-to-VHE data from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-03 S. Abe , J. Abhir , V. A. Acciari , A. Aguasca-Cabot , I. Agudo , T. Aniello , S. Ansoldi , L. A. Antonelli , A. Arbet Engels , C. Arcaro , K. Asano , A. Babić , A. Baquero , U. Barres de Almeida , J. A. Barrio , I. Batković , A. Bautista , J. Baxter , J. Becerra González , W. Bednarek , E. Bernardini , M. Bernardos , J. Bernete , A. Berti , J. Besenrieder , C. Bigongiari , A. Biland , O. Blanch , G. Bonnoli , Ž. Bošnjak , I. Burelli , G. Busetto , A. Campoy-Ordaz , A. Carosi , R. Carosi , M. Carretero-Castrillo , A. J. Castro-Tirado , G. Ceribella , Y. Chai , A. Cifuentes , E. Colombo , J. L. Contreras , J. Cortina , S. Covino , G. D'Amico , V. D'Elia , P. Da Vela , F. Dazzi , A. De Angelis , B. De Lotto , R. de Menezes , A. Del Popolo , M. Delfino , J. Delgado , C. Delgado Mendez , F. Di Pierro , L. Di Venere , D. Dominis Prester , A. Donini , D. Dorner , M. Doro , D. Elsaesser , G. Emery , J. Escudero , L. Fariña , A. Fattorini , L. Foffano , L. Font , S. Fröse , Y. Fukazawa , R. J. García López , M. Garczarczyk , S. Gasparyan , M. Gaug , J. G. Giesbrecht Paiva , N. Giglietto , F. Giordano , P. Gliwny , N. Godinović , T. Gradetzke , R. Grau , D. Green , J. G. Green , P. Günther , D. Hadasch , A. Hahn , T. Hassan , L. Heckmann , J. Herrera , D. Hrupec , M. Hütten , R. Imazawa , K. Ishio , I. Jiménez Mart'inez , T. Kayanoki , D. Kerszberg , G. W. Kluge , Y. Kobayashi , P. M. Kouch , H. Kubo , J. Kushida , M. Láinez Lezáun , A. Lamastra , F. Leone , E. Lindfors , L. Linhoff , S. Lombardi , F. Longo , R. López-Coto , M. López-Moya , A. López-Oramas , S. Loporchio , A. Lorini , E. Lyard , B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga , P. Majumdar , M. Makariev , G. Maneva , N. Mang , M. Manganaro , S. Mangano , K. Mannheim , M. Mariotti , M. Martínez , M. Martínez-Chicharro , A. Mas-Aguilar , D. Mazin , S. Menchiari , S. Mender , D. Miceli , T. Miener , J. M. Miranda , R. Mirzoyan , M. Molero González , E. Molina , H. A. Mondal , A. Moralejo , D. Morcuende , T. Nakamori , C. Nanci , V. Neustroev , C. Nigro , L. Nikolić , K. Nilsson , K. Nishijima , T. Njoh Ekoume , K. Noda , S. Nozaki , Y. Ohtani , A. Okumura , J. Otero-Santos , S. Paiano , M. Palatiello , D. Paneque , R. Paoletti , J. M. Paredes , M. Peresano , M. Persic , M. Pihet , G. Pirola , F. Podobnik , P. G. Prada Moroni , E. Prandini , G. Principe , C. Priyadarshi , W. Rhode , M. Ribó , J. Rico , C. Righi , N. Sahakyan , T. Saito , K. Satalecka , F. G. Saturni , B. Schleicher , K. Schmidt , F. Schmuckermaier , J. L. Schubert , T. Schweizer , A. Sciaccaluga , G. Silvestri , J. Sitarek , D. Sobczynska , A. Spolon , A. Stamerra , J. Strišković , D. Strom , Y. Suda , S. Suutarinen , H. Tajima , M. Takahashi , R. Takeishi , F. Tavecchio , P. Temnikov , K. Terauchi , T. Terzić , M. Teshima , L. Tosti , S. Truzzi , A. Tutone , S. Ubach , J. van Scherpenberg , S. Ventura , I. Viale , C. F. Vigorito , V. Vitale , I. Vovk , R. Walter , M. Will , C. Wunderlich , T. Yamamoto , I. Liodakis , F. J. Aceituno , B. Agís-González , H. Akitaya , M. I. Bernardos , D. Blinov , I. G. Bourbah , C. Casadio , V. Casanova , F. D'Ammando , V. Fallah Ramazani , E. Fernández-García , Y. Fukazawa , M. García-Comas , E. Gau , A. Gokus , M. Gurwell , P. Hakala , T. Hovatta , Y. -D. Hu , C. Husillos , J. Jormanainen , S. G. Jorstad , K. S. Kawabata , G. K. Keating , S. Kiehlmann , E. Kontopodis , H. Krawczynski , A. Lähteenmäki , C. Leto , L. Lisalda , N. Mandarakas , A. Marchini , A. P. Marscher , W. Max-Moerbeck , R. Middei , T. Mizuno , I. Myserlis , T. Nakaoka , M. Perri , S. Puccetti , R. Rao , A. C. S. Readhead , R. Reeves , N. Rodriguez Cavero , Q. Salomé , M. Sasada , R. Skalidis , A. Sota , I. Syrjärinne , M. Tornikoski , M. Uemura , F. Verrecchia , A. Vervelaki

Polarization detection of X-rays is a non-negligible topic to astrophysical observation. Many polarization detection methods have been well developed for X-rays in the energy range below 10~keV, while the detection at 10-30~keV is rarely…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Jin Zhang , Xinchen Cai , Yongbo Huang , Qian Liu , Fei Xie , Jin Li , Hong-Bang Liu

Mrk 501 is a prototypical high-synchrotron-peaked blazar (HBL) and serves as one of the primary targets for the {\it Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer} ({\it IXPE}). In this study, we report X-ray polarization measurements of Mrk 501 based…

Polarimetric measurements, especially if extended at high energy, are expected to provide important insights into the mechanisms underlying the acceleration of relativistic particles in jets. In a previous work we have shown that the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-09-09 F. Tavecchio , M. Landoni , L. Sironi , P. Coppi