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Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are promising materials for efficient generation of current-induced spin-orbit torques on an adjacent ferromagnetic layer. Numerous effects, both interfacial and bulk, have been put forward to explain…

Recent discoveries regarding current-induced spin-orbit torques produced by heavy-metal/ferromagnet and topological-insulator/ferromagnet bilayers provide the potential for dramatically-improved efficiency in the manipulation of magnetic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2016-11-08 D. MacNeill , G. M. Stiehl , M. H. D. Guimaraes , R. A. Buhrman , J. Park , D. C. Ralph

We present measurements of current-induced spin-orbit torques generated by NbSe$_2$, a fully-metallic transition-metal dichalcogenide material, made using the spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) technique with NbSe$_{2}$/Permalloy…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-01-24 Marcos H. D. Guimaraes , Gregory M. Stiehl , David MacNeill , Neal D. Reynolds , Daniel C. Ralph

We study current-induced torques in WTe2/permalloy bilayers as a function of WTe2 thickness. We measure the torques using both second-harmonic Hall and spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance measurements for samples with WTe2 thicknesses that…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2017-09-06 David MacNeill , Gregory M. Stiehl , Marcos H. D. Guimaraes , Neal D. Reynolds , Robert A. Buhrman , Daniel C. Ralph

Motivated by recent observations of unconventional out-of-plane dampinglike torque in \ch{WTe2}/Permalloy bilayer systems, we calculate the spin-orbit torque generated in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-ferromagnet…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-07-07 Fei Xue , Christoph Rohmann , Junwen Li , Vivek Amin , Paul Haney

Materials with strong spin-orbit coupling and low crystalline symmetry are promising for generating large unconventional spin-orbit torques (SOTs), such as in-plane field-like (FL) torques and out-of-plane damping-like (DL) torques, which…

The ability to switch magnetic elements by spin-orbit-induced torques has recently attracted much attention for a path towards high-performance, non-volatile memories with low power consumption. Realizing efficient spin-orbit-based…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-07-01 Shiheng Liang , Shuyuan Shi , Chuang-Han Hsu , Kaiming Cai , Yi Wang , Pan He , Yang Wu , Vitor M. Pereira , Hyunsoo Yang

We unveil a hitherto concealed spin-orbit torque mechanism driven by orbital degrees of freedom in centrosymmetric two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (focusing on PtSe${}_2$ ). Using first-principles simulations, tight-binding…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-07-28 Luis M. Canonico , Jose H. García , Stephan Roche

In ferromagnetic systems lacking inversion symmetry, an applied electric field can control the ferromagnetic order parameters through the spin-orbit torque. The prototypical example is a bilayer heterostructure composed of a ferromagnet and…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-10-28 Fei Xue , Mark D. Stiles , Paul M. Haney

Spin-orbit torque in heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures with broken spatial inversion symmetry provides an efficient mechanism for manipulating magnetization using a charge current. Here, we report the presence of a spin torque in a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-05-29 Ziyan Luo , Qi Zhang , Yanjun Xu , Yumeng Yang , Xinhai Zhang , Yihong Wu

We measure spin-orbit torque generated by exfoliated layers of the low-symmetry semi-metal ZrTe$_3$ using the spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) technique. When the ZrTe$_3$ has a thickness greater than about 10 nm, artifacts due…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-09 Thow Min Cham , Saba Karimeddiny , Vishakha Gupta , Joseph A. Mittelstaedt , Daniel C. Ralph

The bilayer heterostructures composed of an ultrathin ferromagnetic metal (FM) and a material hosting strong spin-orbit (SO) coupling are principal resource for SO torque and spin-to-charge conversion nonequilibrium effects in spintronics.…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-10-28 Kapildeb Dolui , Branislav K. Nikolic

Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) from transition metal dichalcogenides systems (TMDs) in conjunction with ferromagnetic materials are recently attractive in spintronics for their versatile features. However, most of the previously studied…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-04-13 Cheng-Wei Peng , Wei-Bang Liao , Tian-Yue Chen , Chi-Feng Pai

Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been extensively studied for their efficient spin-orbit torque generation in TMD/ferromagnetic bilayers, owing to their large spin-orbit coupling, variety in crystal symmetries, and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Jan Hidding , Klaiv Mërtiri , Fauzia Mujid , Ce Liang , Jiwoong Park , Marcos H. D. Guimarães

Broken symmetry is the essence of exotic properties in condensed matters. Tungsten ditelluride, WTe$_2$, exceptionally takes a non-centrosymmetric crystal structure in the family of transition metal dichalcogenides, and exhibits novel…

The manipulation of magnetization via Magnetic torques is one of the most important phenomena in spintronics. In thin films, conventionally, a charge current flowing in a heavy metal is used to generate transverse spin currents and to exert…

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in spin-orbit torques (SOTs) for manipulating the magnetization in nonvolatile magnetic memory devices. SOTs rely on the spin-orbit coupling of a nonmagnetic material coupled to a…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-19 Jan Hidding , Marcos H. D. Guimarães

The spin polarization induced by the spin Hall effect (SHE) in thin films typically points out of the plane. This is rooted on the specific symmetries of traditionally studied systems, not in a fundamental constraint. Recently, experiments…

Extensive efforts have been devoted to the study of spin-orbit torque in ferromagnetic metal/heavy metal bilayers and exploitation of it for magnetization switching using an in-plane current. As the spin-orbit torque is inversely…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-05-18 Yanjun Xu , Yumeng Yang , Kui Yao , Baoxi Xu , Yihong Wu

The recent emergence of magnetic van der Waals materials allows for the investigation of current induced magnetization manipulation in two dimensional materials. Uniquely, Fe3GeTe2 has a crystalline structure that allows for the presence of…

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