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Machine learning practitioners frequently observe tension between predictive accuracy and group fairness constraints -- yet sometimes fairness interventions appear to improve accuracy. We show that both phenomena can be artifacts of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Amir Asiaee , Kaveh Aryan

Fair ranking problems arise in many decision-making processes that often necessitate a trade-off between accuracy and fairness. Many existing studies have proposed correction methods such as adding fairness constraints to a ranking model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Ryosuke Sonoda

Algorithmic decision making systems are ubiquitous across a wide variety of online as well as offline services. These systems rely on complex learning methods and vast amounts of data to optimize the service functionality, satisfaction of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-03-27 Muhammad Bilal Zafar , Isabel Valera , Manuel Gomez Rodriguez , Krishna P. Gummadi

Classification, a heavily-studied data-driven machine learning task, drives an increasing number of prediction systems involving critical human decisions such as loan approval and criminal risk assessment. However, classifiers often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Maliha Tashfia Islam , Anna Fariha , Alexandra Meliou , Babak Salimi

Machine Learning models are increasingly used for decision making, in particular in high-stakes applications such as credit scoring, medicine or recidivism prediction. However, there are growing concerns about these models with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Julien Rouzot , Julien Ferry , Marie-José Huguet

Machine learning-supported decisions, such as ordering diagnostic tests or determining preventive custody, often require converting probabilistic forecasts into binary classifications. We adopt a consequentialist perspective from decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Gerardo Flores , Abigail Schiff , Alyssa H. Smith , Julia A Fukuyama , Ashia C. Wilson

We consider a fair representation learning perspective, where optimal predictors, on top of the data representation, are ensured to be invariant with respect to different sub-groups. Specifically, we formulate this intuition as a bi-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Changjian Shui , Qi Chen , Jiaqi Li , Boyu Wang , Christian Gagné

We propose a general variational framework of fair clustering, which integrates an original Kullback-Leibler (KL) fairness term with a large class of clustering objectives, including prototype or graph based. Fundamentally different from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Imtiaz Masud Ziko , Eric Granger , Jing Yuan , Ismail Ben Ayed

We address the problem of algorithmic fairness: ensuring that sensitive variables do not unfairly influence the outcome of a classifier. We present an approach based on empirical risk minimization, which incorporates a fairness constraint…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-02-03 Michele Donini , Luca Oneto , Shai Ben-David , John Shawe-Taylor , Massimiliano Pontil

Fair classification is a critical challenge that has gained increasing importance due to international regulations and its growing use in high-stakes decision-making settings. Existing methods often rely on adversarial learning or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Alberto Sinigaglia , Davide Sartor , Marina Ceccon , Gian Antonio Susto

Machine learning methods based on AdaBoost have been widely applied to various classification problems across many mission-critical applications including healthcare, law and finance. However, there is a growing concern about the unfairness…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Xiaobin Song , Zeyuan Liu , Benben Jiang

Standard approaches to group-based notions of fairness, such as \emph{parity} and \emph{equalized odds}, try to equalize absolute measures of performance across known groups (based on race, gender, etc.). Consequently, a group that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Anilesh K. Krishnaswamy , Zhihao Jiang , Kangning Wang , Yu Cheng , Kamesh Munagala

All proper scoring rules incentivize an expert to predict \emph{accurately} (report their true estimate), but not all proper scoring rules equally incentivize \emph{precision}. Rather than treating the expert's belief as exogenously given,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Eric Neyman , Georgy Noarov , S. Matthew Weinberg

We introduce a boosting algorithm to pre-process data for fairness. Starting from an initial fair but inaccurate distribution, our approach shifts towards better data fitting while still ensuring a minimal fairness guarantee. To do so, it…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-16 Alexander Soen , Hisham Husain , Richard Nock

Human lives are increasingly being affected by the outcomes of automated decision-making systems and it is essential for the latter to be, not only accurate, but also fair. The literature of algorithmic fairness has grown considerably over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Ainhize Barrainkua , Paula Gordaliza , Jose A. Lozano , Novi Quadrianto

One of the key issues regarding classification problems in Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence is ensuring Fairness in the prediction of different classes when protected (sensitive) features are present. Data quality is critical in these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 José Daniel Pascual-Triana , Alberto Fernández , Paulo Novais , Francisco Herrera

We propose a new family of fairness definitions for classification problems that combine some of the best properties of both statistical and individual notions of fairness. We posit not only a distribution over individuals, but also a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Michael Kearns , Aaron Roth , Saeed Sharifi-Malvajerdi

Fairness has been a critical issue that affects the adoption of deep learning models in real practice. To improve model fairness, many existing methods have been proposed and evaluated to be effective in their own contexts. However, there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junjie Yang , Jiajun Jiang , Zeyu Sun , Junjie Chen

We present a new method for generating confidence sets within the split conformal prediction framework. Our method performs a trainable transformation of any given conformity score to improve conditional coverage while ensuring exact…

We propose a new framework that unifies different fairness measures into a general, parameterized class of convex fairness measures suitable for optimization contexts. First, we propose a new class of order-based fairness measures, discuss…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Man Yiu Tsang , Karmel S. Shehadeh