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Recently, orthogonal recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have emerged as state-of-the-art models for learning long-term dependencies. This class of models mitigates the exploding and vanishing gradients problem by design. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-22 Omri Azencot , N. Benjamin Erichson , Mirela Ben-Chen , Michael W. Mahoney

Recurrent Neural networks (RNN) have shown promising potential for learning dynamics of sequential data. However, artificial neural networks are known to exhibit poor robustness in presence of input noise, where the sequential architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Arash Amini , Guangyi Liu , Nader Motee

Contemporary wisdom based on empirical studies suggests that standard recurrent neural networks (RNNs) do not perform well on tasks requiring long-term memory. However, precise reasoning for this behavior is still unknown. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Melikasadat Emami , Mojtaba Sahraee-Ardakan , Parthe Pandit , Sundeep Rangan , Alyson K. Fletcher

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are popular models of brain function. The typical training strategy is to adjust their input-output behavior so that it matches that of the biological circuit of interest. Even though this strategy ensures…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-09 Alessandro Salatiello , Martin A. Giese

The exploding and vanishing gradient problem has been the major conceptual principle behind most architecture and training improvements in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) during the last decade. In this paper, we argue that this principle,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Antônio H. Ribeiro , Koen Tiels , Luis A. Aguirre , Thomas B. Schön

Advancements in parallel processing have lead to a surge in multilayer perceptrons' (MLP) applications and deep learning in the past decades. Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) give additional representational power to feedforward MLPs by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-10-22 Saahil Ognawala , Justin Bayer

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) provide a powerful approach in neuroscience to infer latent dynamics in neural populations and to generate hypotheses about the neural computations underlying behavior. However, past work has focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Elia Torre , Michele Viscione , Lucas Pompe , Benjamin F Grewe , Valerio Mante

Recurrent neural network is a powerful model that learns temporal patterns in sequential data. For a long time, it was believed that recurrent networks are difficult to train using simple optimizers, such as stochastic gradient descent, due…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-04-20 Tomas Mikolov , Armand Joulin , Sumit Chopra , Michael Mathieu , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are widely used throughout neuroscience as models of local neural activity. Many properties of single RNNs are well characterized theoretically, but experimental neuroscience has moved in the direction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Leo Kozachkov , Michaela Ennis , Jean-Jacques Slotine

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have been proposed as biologically plausible and energy-efficient alternatives to conventional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, the training of SNN usually relies on surrogate gradients due to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Himanshu Udupi , Xiaocong Yang , ChengXiang Zhai

Very deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) yield state of the art results on a wide variety of visual recognition problems. A number of state of the the art methods for image recognition are based on networks with well over 100 layers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-07-15 Joel Moniz , Christopher Pal

Modern convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have massive identical convolution blocks, and, hence, recursive sharing of parameters across these blocks has been proposed to reduce the amount of parameters. However, naive sharing of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Woochul Kang , Daeyeon Kim

Countless learning tasks require dealing with sequential data. Image captioning, speech synthesis, and music generation all require that a model produce outputs that are sequences. In other domains, such as time series prediction, video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Zachary C. Lipton , John Berkowitz , Charles Elkan

To be effective in sequential data processing, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are required to keep track of past events by creating memories. While the relation between memories and the network's hidden state dynamics was established over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Doron Haviv , Alexander Rivkind , Omri Barak

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have yielded promising results for both recognizing objects in challenging conditions and modeling aspects of primate vision. However, the representational dynamics of recurrent computations remain poorly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Sushrut Thorat , Adrien Doerig , Tim C. Kietzmann

Residual connections have been proposed as an architecture-based inductive bias to mitigate the problem of exploding and vanishing gradients and increased task performance in both feed-forward and recurrent networks (RNNs) when trained with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Igor Dubinin , Felix Effenberger

To understand the fundamental trade-offs between training stability, temporal dynamics and architectural complexity of recurrent neural networks~(RNNs), we directly analyze RNN architectures using numerical methods of ordinary differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Murphy Yuezhen Niu , Lior Horesh , Isaac Chuang

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are simple dynamical systems whose computational power has been attributed to their short-term memory. Short-term memory of RNNs has been previously studied analytically only for the case of orthogonal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Alireza Goudarzi , Sarah Marzen , Peter Banda , Guy Feldman , Christof Teuscher , Darko Stefanovic

Neural networks (NN)-based learning algorithms are strongly affected by the choices of initialization and data distribution. Different optimization strategies have been proposed for improving the learning trajectory and finding a better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Yimeng Min

Abrupt learning is a common phenomenon in recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained on working memory tasks. In such cases, the networks develop transient slow regions in state space that extend the effective timescales of computation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fatih Dinc , Ege Cirakman , Bariscan Kurtkaya , Mert Yuksekgonul , Yiqi Jiang , Mark J. Schnitzer , Hidenori Tanaka