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The recent success of large foundation models in artificial intelligence has prompted the emergence of chemical pre-trained models. Despite the growing interest in large molecular pre-trained models that provide informative representations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Jinho Chang , Jong Chul Ye

Controllable molecular graph generation is essential for material and drug discovery, where generated molecules must satisfy diverse property constraints. While recent advances in graph diffusion models have improved generation quality,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Anjie Qiao , Zhen Wang , Chuan Chen , DeFu Lian , Enhong Chen

Three-dimensional molecular structure generation is typically performed at the level of individual atoms, yet molecular graph generation techniques often consider fragments as their structural units. Building on the advances in frame-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Roman Poletukhin , Marcel Kollovieh , Eike Eberhard , Stephan Günnemann

Flow matching models generate high-fidelity molecular geometries but incur significant computational costs during inference, requiring hundreds of network evaluations. This inference overhead becomes the primary bottleneck when such models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Johanna Sommer , John Rachwan , Nils Fleischmann , Stephan Günnemann , Bertrand Charpentier

Recent data-efficient molecular generation approaches exploit graph grammars to introduce interpretability into the generative models. However, grammar learning therein relies on expert annotation or unreliable heuristics for algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Weize Yuan , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

Structure-based drug design (SBDD) aims to design small-molecule ligands that bind with high affinity and specificity to pre-determined protein targets. Generative SBDD methods leverage structural data of drugs in complex with their protein…

In recent years the scientific community has devoted much effort in the development of deep learning models for the generation of new molecules with desirable properties (i.e. drugs). This has produced many proposals in literature. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Davide Rigoni , Nicolò Navarin , Alessandro Sperduti

Generating molecular graphs is a challenging task due to their discrete nature and the competitive objectives involved. Diffusion models have emerged as SOTA approaches in data generation across various modalities. For molecular graphs,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Prashanth Pombala , Gerrit Grossmann , Verena Wolf

Molecular structure generation is a fundamental problem that involves determining the 3D positions of molecules' constituents. It has crucial biological applications, such as molecular docking, protein folding, and molecular design. Recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Wenyin Zhou , Christopher Iliffe Sprague , Vsevolod Viliuga , Matteo Tadiello , Arne Elofsson , Hossein Azizpour

Diffusion generative models have emerged as a powerful framework for addressing problems in structural biology and structure-based drug design. These models operate directly on 3D molecular structures. Due to the unfavorable scaling of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-05-10 Ian Dunn , David Ryan Koes

Molecular graph neural networks (GNNs) often focus exclusively on XYZ-based geometric representations and thus overlook valuable chemical context available in public databases like PubChem. This work introduces a multimodal framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Can Polat , Hasan Kurban , Erchin Serpedin , Mustafa Kurban

A generative modeling framework is proposed that combines diffusion models and manifold learning to efficiently sample data densities on manifolds. The approach utilizes Diffusion Maps to uncover possible low-dimensional underlying (latent)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Dimitris G. Giovanis , Ellis Crabtree , Roger G. Ghanem , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

A major challenge in computational chemistry is the generation of novel molecular structures with desirable pharmacological and physiochemical properties. In this work, we investigate the potential use of autoencoder, a deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-22 Thomas Blaschke , Marcus Olivecrona , Ola Engkvist , Jürgen Bajorath , Hongming Chen

We develop random graph models where graphs are generated by connecting not only pairs of vertices by edges but also larger subsets of vertices by copies of small atomic subgraphs of arbitrary topology. This allows the for the generation of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Anatol E. Wegner , Sofia Olhede

Graphs are naturally used to describe the structures of various real-world systems in biology, society, computer science etc., where subgraphs or motifs as basic blocks play an important role in function expression and information…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Jinhuan Wang , Pengtao Chen , Bin Ma , Jiajun Zhou , Zhongyuan Ruan , Guanrong Chen , Qi Xuan

In the scope of drug discovery, the molecular design aims to identify novel compounds from the chemical space where the potential drug-like molecules are estimated to be in the order of 10^60 - 10^100. Since this search task is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Wenlu Wang , Ye Wang , Honggang Zhao , Simone Sciabola

Deep generative models have recently been applied to molecule design. If the molecules are encoded in linear SMILES strings, modeling becomes convenient. However, models relying on string representations tend to generate invalid samples and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Bo Pang , Tian Han , Ying Nian Wu

Graphs serve as fundamental descriptors for systems composed of interacting elements, capturing a wide array of data types, from molecular interactions to social networks and knowledge graphs. In this paper, we present an exhaustive review…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Chenqing Hua

In this work, we introduce a novel evaluation framework for generative models of graphs, emphasizing the importance of model-generated graph overlap (Chanpuriya et al., 2021) to ensure both accuracy and edge-diversity. We delineate a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Sudhanshu Chanpuriya , Cameron Musco , Konstantinos Sotiropoulos , Charalampos Tsourakakis

Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven material design has been attracting great attentions as a groundbreaking technology across a wide spectrum of industries. Molecular design is particularly important owing to its broad application domains…

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