Related papers: Kirchhoff's Law Can Be Exact
We study a modification of electromagnetism which violates Lorentz invariance at large distances. In this theory, electromagnetic waves are massive, but the static force between charged particles is Coulomb not Yukawa. At very short…
A generalized Ohm's law is derived to treat strongly magnetized plasmas in which the electron gyrofrequency significantly exceeds the electron plasma frequency. The frictional drag due to Coulomb collisions between electrons and ions is…
The conventional definition of spin current is incomplete and unphysical in describing spin transport in systems with spin-orbit coupling. A proper and measurable spin current is established in this study, which fits well into the standard…
Second law of thermodynamics is applied to a few electronic processes. It is seen that the second law of thermodynamics holds good for all except one mentioned here. The classical approach, based on exact equivalence of emission and…
Ohm's law provides a fundamental framework for understanding charge transport in conductors and underpins the concept of electrical scaling that has enabled the continuous advancement of modern CMOS technologies. As transistors are scaled…
Locating where transient signals travel between a source and receiver requires a final step that is needed after using a theory of diffraction such as the integral theorem of Helmholtz and Kirchhoff. Introduced here, the final step accounts…
At low temperatures and strong friction the time evolution of the density distribution in position follows a quantum Smoluchowski equation. Recently, also higher-order contributions of quantum fluctuations to drift and diffusion…
Analysis of the steady-state Kirchhoff equations within the framework of a new physics-based equivalent circuit provides explicit expressions for the holding voltage and current for the resistive mode in bi-stable CMOS structures. The…
The time-independent Schroedinger and Klein-Gordon equations - as well as any other Helmholtz-like equation - were recently shown to be associated with exact sets of ray-trajectories (coupled by a "Wave Potential" function encoded in their…
A self-contained theory of the domain wall dynamics in ferromagnets under finite electric current is presented. The current is shown to have two effects; one is momentum transfer, which is proportional to the charge current and wall…
Quantum resonance is one of the main characteristics of the quantum kicked rotor, which has been used to induce accelerated ratchet current of the particles with a generalized asymmetry potential. Here we show that by desynchronizing the…
The law of mass action is used widely. The law of mass action does not automatically conserve current, as is clear from mathematics of a simple case, chosen to illustrate the issues. The law of mass action does not force a series of…
Transition to turbulence is due to the instability of a laminar flow subject to a disturbance. This complicated problem can be explained using a new proposed energy gradient theory in our previous study. This theory is extended to the…
Low-order quantum resonances manifested by directed currents have been realized with cold atoms. Here we show that by increasing the strength of an experimentally achievable delta-kicking ratchet potential, quantum resonances of a very high…
Modified gravity theory is known to violate Birkhoff's theorem. We explore a key consequence of this violation, the effect of distant matter in the Universe on the motion of test particles. We find that when a particle is accelerated, a…
A theory of transverse electron transport coupled with heat transfer in semiconductor thin films is developed conceptually modeling structures of modern electronics. The transverse currents generate Joule heat with positive feedback through…
The master equation for the reduced density matrix of a charged particle interacting with a translation invariant weakly coupled environment is considered. The electric current is renormalized by the system-environment interaction, leading…
The Fick--Jacobs equation has been widely studied, because of its applications in the diffusion and transport of non-interacting particles in narrow channels. It is also known that a modified version of this equation can be used to describe…
Particle flows injected as beams and scattered by an intruder are numerically studied. We find a crossover of the drag force from Epstein's law to Newton's law, depending on the ratio of the speed to the thermal speed. These laws can be…
The fluctuation theorem establishes general relations between transport coefficients and fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems. Recently there was much interest in quantum fluctuation relations for electric currents. Since charge carriers…