Related papers: String-to-String Interpretations with Polynomial-S…

We derive an exact string-like soliton solution of D=10 heterotic string theory. The solution possesses $SU(2)\times SU(2)$ instanton structure in the eight-dimensional space transverse to the worldsheet of the soliton.

Magnetic monopole solutions to heterotic string theory are discussed in toroidal compactifications to four spacetime dimensions. Particular emphasis is placed on the relation to previously studied fivebrane solutions in ten dimensions and…

On the string of finite length, a (genomic) transposition is defined as the operation of exchanging two consecutive substrings. The minimum number of transpositions needed to transform one into the other is the transposition distance, that…

We argue that apart from the standard closed and open strings one may consider a third possibility that we call monodromic strings. The monodromic string propagating on a target looks like an ordinary open string (a mapping from a segment…

Transformer architectures are increasingly effective at processing and generating very long chunks of texts, opening new perspectives for document-level machine translation (MT). In this work, we challenge the ability of MT systems to…

We define string geometry: spaces of superstrings including the interactions, their topologies, charts, and metrics. Trajectories in asymptotic processes on a space of strings reproduce the right moduli space of the super Riemann surfaces…

We consider string theory in a time dependent orbifold with a null singularity. The singularity separates a contracting universe from an expanding universe, thus constituting a big crunch followed by a big bang. We quantize the theory both…

We provide general criteria for the existence of minimal models of streaming transducers, namely devices that read an input word and produce an output value by iteratively updating an internal memory. This abstract model subsumes classical…

Length generalization, defined as the ability to extrapolate from shorter training sequences to longer test ones, is a significant challenge for language models. This issue persists even with large-scale Transformers handling relatively…

In this article, we define the Set Shaping Theory whose goal is the study of the bijection functions that transform a set of strings into a set of equal size made up of strings of greater length. The functions that meet this condition are…

A string action is considered in four spacetime dimensions which is obtained by dimensionally reducing the ten dimensional effective action. The equations of motion admit string like solutions. The symmetry properties of the four…

We investigate the structure of the higher genus topological string amplitudes on the quintic hypersurface. It is shown that the partition functions of the higher genus than one can be expressed as polynomials of five generators. We also…

In this short review we outline some recent developments in understanding string orbifolds. In particular, we outline the recent observation that string orbifolds do not precisely describe string propagation on quotient spaces, but rather…

String scattering amplitudes in the high energy asymptotic region have been studied by saddle point approximation. Recently, it was pointed out that infinitely many complex saddles contribute to string amplitudes even at tree-level after…

String diagrams are a powerful tool for reasoning about physical processes, logic circuits, tensor networks, and many other compositional structures. The distinguishing feature of these diagrams is that edges need not be connected to…

In heterotic string theories consistency requires the introduction of a non-trivial vector bundle. This bundle breaks the original ten-dimensional gauge groups $\text{E}_8\times\text{E}_8$ or $\text{SO}(32)$ for the supersymmetric heterotic…

We study the superstring theory on pp-wave background with NSNS-flux that is realized as the Penrose limit of AdS_3 x S^3 x M^4, where M^4 is T^4 or T^4/Z_2(~ K3). Quantizing this system in the covariant gauge, we explicitly construct the…

In this paper we propose a new, more appropriate definition of regular and indeterminate strings. A regular string is one that is "isomorphic" to a string whose entries all consist of a single letter, but which nevertheless may itself…

We express one-loop string amplitudes involving both open and closed strings as sum over pure open string amplitudes. These findings generalize the analogous tree-level result to higher loops and extend the tree-level observation that in…

Second-order transitive-closure logic, SO(TC), is an expressive declarative language that captures the complexity class PSPACE. Already its monadic fragment, MSO(TC), allows the expression of various NP-hard and even PSPACE-hard problems in…