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We study the fundamental problem of guessing cryptographic keys, drawn from some non-uniform probability distribution $D$, as e.g. in LPN, LWE or for passwords. The optimal classical algorithm enumerates keys in decreasing order of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Timo Glaser , Alexander May , Julian Nowakowski

It is usually assumed that a quantum computation is performed by applying gates in a specific order. One can relax this assumption by allowing a control quantum system to switch the order in which the gates are applied. This provides a more…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-11 Mateus Araújo , Fabio Costa , Časlav Brukner

We present an exact quantum algorithm for solving the Exact Satisfiability (XSAT) problem, which belongs to the important NP-complete complexity class. The algorithm is based on an intuitive approach that can be divided into two parts:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-30 Salvatore Mandrà , Gian Giacomo Guerreschi , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Clustering algorithms are of fundamental importance when dealing with large unstructured datasets and discovering new patterns and correlations therein, with applications ranging from scientific research to medical imaging and marketing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-10 Duarte Magano , Lorenzo Buffoni , Yasser Omar

We study the power of nonadaptive quantum query algorithms, which are algorithms whose queries to the input do not depend on the result of previous queries. First, we show that any bounded-error nonadaptive quantum query algorithm that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-12-20 Ashley Montanaro

Many quantum algorithms can be analyzed in a query model to compute Boolean functions where input is given by a black box. As in the classical version of decision trees, different kinds of quantum query algorithms are possible: exact,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-24 Alina Dubrovska Vasilieva

Demonstrating quantum advantage has been a pressing challenge in the field. Most claimed quantum speedups rely on a subroutine in which classical information can be accessed in a coherent quantum manner, which imposes a crucial constraint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Nhat A. Nghiem

In the paper, we focus on complexity of C5.0 algorithm for constructing decision tree classifier that is the models for the classification problem from machine learning. In classical case the decision tree is constructed in $O(hd(NM+N \log…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Kamil Khadiev , Ilnaz Mannapov , Liliya Safina

We initiate a systematic study of the time complexity of quantum divide and conquer algorithms for classical problems. We establish generic conditions under which search and minimization problems with classical divide and conquer algorithms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-03 Jonathan Allcock , Jinge Bao , Aleksandrs Belovs , Troy Lee , Miklos Santha

We construct a new quantum algorithm for the graph collision problem; that is, the problem of deciding whether the set of marked vertices contains a pair of adjacent vertices in a known graph G. The query complexity of our algorithm is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-09 Dmitry Gavinsky , Tsuyoshi Ito

We initiate a systematic study of pseudo-deterministic quantum algorithms. These are quantum algorithms that, for any input, output a canonical solution with high probability. Focusing on the query complexity model, our main contributions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-20 Hugo Aaronson , Tom Gur , Jiawei Li

Let a classical algorithm be determined by sequential applications of a black box performing one step of this algorithm. If we consider this black box as an oracle which gives a value F(a) for any query a, we can compute T sequential…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuri Ozhigov

We consider the problem of finding \textit{semi-matching} in bipartite graphs which is also extensively studied under various names in the scheduling literature. We give faster algorithms for both weighted and unweighted case. For the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-06-15 Jittat Fakcharoenphol , Bundit Laekhanukit , Danupon Nanongkai

Given an undirected, weighted graph, with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, and two special vertices $s$ and $t$, the problem is to find the shortest path between them. We give two bounded-error quantum algorithms with improved runtime in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Adam Wesołowski , Stephen Piddock

We study the problem of learning an unknown graph provided via an oracle using a quantum algorithm. We consider three query models. In the first model ("OR queries"), the oracle returns whether a given subset of the vertices contains any…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-26 Ashley Montanaro , Changpeng Shao

Quantum computation, in particular Grover's algorithm, has aroused a great deal of interest since it allows for a quadratic speedup to be obtained in search procedures. Classical search procedures for an $N$ element database require at most…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-02-09 Luís Tarrataca , Andreas Wichert

Quantum algorithms for several problems in graph theory are considered. Classical algorithms for finding the lowest weight path between two points in a graph and for finding a minimal weight spanning tree involve searching over some space.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Mark Heiligman

We give quantum speedups of several general-purpose numerical optimisation methods for minimising a function $f:\mathbb{R}^n \to \mathbb{R}$. First, we show that many techniques for global optimisation under a Lipschitz constraint can be…

We study the communication complexity of a number of graph properties where the edges of the graph $G$ are distributed between Alice and Bob (i.e., each receives some of the edges as input). Our main results are: * An Omega(n) lower bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-23 Gabor Ivanyos , Hartmut Klauck , Troy Lee , Miklos Santha , Ronald de Wolf

We examine the number T of queries that a quantum network requires to compute several Boolean functions on {0,1}^N in the black-box model. We show that, in the black-box model, the exponential quantum speed-up obtained for partial functions…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Robert Beals , Harry Buhrman , Richard Cleve , Michele Mosca , Ronald de Wolf