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In this work, we analyze the regularizing property of the stochastic gradient descent for the efficient numerical solution of a class of nonlinear ill-posed inverse problems in Hilbert spaces. At each step of the iteration, the method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-07-09 Bangti Jin , Zehui Zhou , Jun Zou

We examine the behavior of accelerated gradient methods in smooth nonconvex unconstrained optimization, focusing in particular on their behavior near strict saddle points. Accelerated methods are iterative methods that typically step along…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-10-09 Michael O'Neill , Stephen J. Wright

While momentum-based optimization algorithms are commonly used in the notoriously non-convex optimization problems of deep learning, their analysis has historically been restricted to the convex and strongly convex setting. In this article,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Kanan Gupta , Stephan Wojtowytsch

Current state-of-the-art analyses on the convergence of gradient descent for training neural networks focus on characterizing properties of the loss landscape, such as the Polyak-Lojaciewicz (PL) condition and the restricted strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Fangshuo Liao , Anastasios Kyrillidis

In this paper we propose a new class of iterative regularization methods for solving ill-posed linear operator equations. The prototype of these iterative regularization methods is in the form of second order evolution equation with a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-24 Rongfang Gong , B. Hofmann , Ye Zhang

Many problems in science and engineering involve, as part of their solution process, the consideration of a separable function which is the sum of two convex functions, one of them possibly non-smooth. Recently a few works have discussed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-03-06 Daniel Reem , Alvaro De Pierro

Randomized-subspace methods reduce the cost of first-order optimization by using only low-dimensional projected-gradient information, a feature that is attractive in forward-mode automatic differentiation and communication-limited settings.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-04 Gaku Omiya , Pierre-Louis Poirion , Akiko Takeda

We consider stochastic gradient methods under the interpolation regime where a perfect fit can be obtained (minimum loss at each observation). While previous work highlighted the implicit regularization of such algorithms, we consider an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-01 Anant Raj , Francis Bach

For infinitesimal learning rates, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) follows the path of gradient flow on the full batch loss function. However moderately large learning rates can achieve higher test accuracies, and this generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-29 Samuel L. Smith , Benoit Dherin , David G. T. Barrett , Soham De

We consider the problem of supervised learning with convex loss functions and propose a new form of iterative regularization based on the subgradient method. Unlike other regularization approaches, in iterative regularization no constraint…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-04-02 Junhong Lin , Lorenzo Rosasco , Ding-Xuan Zhou

How to find flat minima? We propose running normalized gradient descent, usually reserved for nonsmooth optimization, with sufficiently slowly diminishing step sizes. This induces implicit regularization towards flat minima if an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Cédric Josz

Recent years have seen a flurry of activities in designing provably efficient nonconvex procedures for solving statistical estimation problems. Due to the highly nonconvex nature of the empirical loss, state-of-the-art procedures often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Cong Ma , Kaizheng Wang , Yuejie Chi , Yuxin Chen

Large learning rates, when applied to gradient descent for nonconvex optimization, yield various implicit biases including the edge of stability (Cohen et al., 2021), balancing (Wang et al., 2022), and catapult (Lewkowycz et al., 2020).…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Yuqing Wang , Zhenghao Xu , Tuo Zhao , Molei Tao

Many important machine learning applications involve regularized nonconvex bi-level optimization. However, the existing gradient-based bi-level optimization algorithms cannot handle nonconvex or nonsmooth regularizers, and they suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Ziyi Chen , Bhavya Kailkhura , Yi Zhou

Momentum based stochastic gradient methods such as heavy ball (HB) and Nesterov's accelerated gradient descent (NAG) method are widely used in practice for training deep networks and other supervised learning models, as they often provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Rahul Kidambi , Praneeth Netrapalli , Prateek Jain , Sham M. Kakade

Optimization algorithms for solving nonconvex inverse problem have attracted significant interests recently. However, existing methods require the nonconvex regularization to be smooth or simple to ensure convergence. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Qingchao Zhang , Xiaojing Ye , Hongcheng Liu , Yunmei Chen

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has become the method of choice for solving a broad range of machine learning problems. However, some of its learning properties are still not fully understood. We consider least squares learning in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-22 Nicole Mücke , Enrico Reiss

Gradient restarting has been shown to improve the numerical performance of accelerated gradient methods. This paper provides a mathematical analysis to understand these advantages. First, we establish global linear convergence guarantees…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-28 Chenglong Bao , Liang Chen , Jiahong Li , Zuowei Shen

Arguably, the two most popular accelerated or momentum-based optimization methods in machine learning are Nesterov's accelerated gradient and Polyaks's heavy ball, both corresponding to different discretizations of a particular second order…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-12-25 Guilherme França , Jeremias Sulam , Daniel P. Robinson , René Vidal

It is well known that the finite step-size ($h$) in Gradient Descent (GD) implicitly regularizes solutions to flatter minima. A natural question to ask is "Does the momentum parameter $\beta$ play a role in implicit regularization in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-03 Avrajit Ghosh , He Lyu , Xitong Zhang , Rongrong Wang