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Fine-tuning language models in a downstream task is the standard approach for many state-of-the-art methodologies in the field of NLP. However, when the distribution between the source task and target task drifts, \textit{e.g.},…

Recent advances, such as GPT and BERT, have shown success in incorporating a pre-trained transformer language model and fine-tuning operation to improve downstream NLP systems. However, this framework still has some fundamental problems in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Zhongyang Li , Xiao Ding , Ting Liu

Adapting large language models to other languages typically employs supervised fine-tuning (SFT) as a standard approach. However, it often suffers from an overemphasis on English performance, a phenomenon that is especially pronounced in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jungseob Lee , Seongtae Hong , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Large language models (LLMs) perform strongly across tasks and languages, yet how improvements in one task or language affect other tasks and languages remains poorly understood. We conduct a controlled LoRA fine-tuning study across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Kajetan Dymkiewicz , Ivan Vulic , Helen Yannakoudakis , Eilam Shapira , Roi Reichart , Anna Korhonen

Much recent progress in applications of machine learning models to NLP has been driven by benchmarks that evaluate models across a wide variety of tasks. However, these broad-coverage benchmarks have been mostly limited to English, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-07 Junjie Hu , Sebastian Ruder , Aditya Siddhant , Graham Neubig , Orhan Firat , Melvin Johnson

Recently, the NLP community has witnessed a rapid advancement in multilingual and cross-lingual transfer research where the supervision is transferred from high-resource languages (HRLs) to low-resource languages (LRLs). However, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Kaushal Kumar Maurya , Maunendra Sankar Desarkar

Paralinguistic speech tasks are often considered relatively language-agnostic, as they rely on extralinguistic acoustic cues rather than lexical content. However, prior studies report performance degradation under cross-lingual conditions,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Pol Buitrago , Oriol Pareras , Federico Costa , Javier Hernando

Recently, multilingual BERT works remarkably well on cross-lingual transfer tasks, superior to static non-contextualized word embeddings. In this work, we provide an in-depth experimental study to supplement the existing literature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-21 Chi-Liang Liu , Tsung-Yuan Hsu , Yung-Sung Chuang , Hung-Yi Lee

Contextual word representations derived from large-scale neural language models are successful across a diverse set of NLP tasks, suggesting that they encode useful and transferable features of language. To shed light on the linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Nelson F. Liu , Matt Gardner , Yonatan Belinkov , Matthew E. Peters , Noah A. Smith

Linguistic resources such as part-of-speech (POS) tags have been extensively used in statistical machine translation (SMT) frameworks and have yielded better performances. However, usage of such linguistic annotations in neural machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-04 Jan Niehues , Eunah Cho

We propose a method to transfer knowledge across neural machine translation (NMT) models by means of a shared dynamic vocabulary. Our approach allows to extend an initial model for a given language pair to cover new languages by adapting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Surafel M. Lakew , Aliia Erofeeva , Matteo Negri , Marcello Federico , Marco Turchi

Multilingual machine translation has recently been in vogue given its potential for improving machine translation performance for low-resource languages via transfer learning. Empirical examinations demonstrating the success of existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Ion Madrazo Azpiazu , Maria Soledad Pera

Real-world applications of natural language processing (NLP) are challenging. NLP models rely heavily on supervised machine learning and require large amounts of annotated data. These resources are often based on language data available in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Farhad Nooralahzadeh

Modular deep learning has been proposed for the efficient adaption of pre-trained models to new tasks, domains and languages. In particular, combining language adapters with task adapters has shown potential where no supervised data exists…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jenny Kunz , Oskar Holmström

Adapter modules, additional trainable parameters that enable efficient fine-tuning of pretrained transformers, have recently been used for language specialization of multilingual transformers, improving downstream zero-shot cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Marko Vidoni , Ivan Vulić , Goran Glavaš

Fine-tuning and testing a multilingual large language model is expensive and challenging for low-resource languages (LRLs). While previous studies have predicted the performance of natural language processing (NLP) tasks using machine…

In this work, we study whether multilingual language models (MultiLMs) can transfer logical reasoning abilities to other languages when they are fine-tuned for reasoning in a different language. We evaluate the cross-lingual reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Negar Foroutan , Mohammadreza Banaei , Karl Aberer , Antoine Bosselut

The performance of multilingual pretrained models is highly dependent on the availability of monolingual or parallel text present in a target language. Thus, the majority of the world's languages cannot benefit from recent progress in NLP…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Graham Neubig

Cross-lingual representations of words enable us to reason about word meaning in multilingual contexts and are a key facilitator of cross-lingual transfer when developing natural language processing models for low-resource languages. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Sebastian Ruder , Ivan Vulić , Anders Søgaard

Zero-resource cross-lingual transfer approaches aim to apply supervised models from a source language to unlabelled target languages. In this paper we perform an in-depth study of the two main techniques employed so far for cross-lingual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Iker García-Ferrero , Rodrigo Agerri , German Rigau
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