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Spintronic nano-neurons offer a promising route towards energy-efficient, high-performance hardware neural networks thanks to their inherent low-input nonlinear dynamics. However, training such networks remains a major bottleneck as it…

We report the performance characteristics of a notional Convolutional Neural Network based on the previously-proposed Multiply-Accumulate-Activate-Pool set, an MTJ-based spintronic circuit made to compute multiple neural functionalities in…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Andrew W. Stephan , Steven J. Koester

Neuromorphic architectures built with Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) can significantly improve the energy efficiency of machine learning tasks designed with Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). A major source of voltage drop in a crossbar of these…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Twisha Titirsha , Anup Das

Spintronic technology is emerging as a direction for the hardware implementation of neurons and synapses of neuromorphic architectures. In particular, a single spintronic device can be used to implement the nonlinear activation function of…

Neuromorphic computing promises revolutionary improvements over conventional systems for applications that process unstructured information. To fully realize this potential, neuromorphic systems should exploit the biomimetic behavior of…

A resistive memory network that has no crossover wiring is proposed to overcome the hardware limitations to size and functional complexity that is associated with conventional analogue neural networks. The proposed memory network is based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-01-31 Alex Pappachen James , Sima Dimitrijev

The demand for computing power has been growing exponentially with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and the Internet of Things (IoT). This growth requires unconventional computing primitives that prioritize energy…

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are being explored in an attempt to mimic brain's capability to learn and recognize at low power. Crossbar architecture with highly scalable Resistive RAM or RRAM array serving as synaptic weights and neuronal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-08 Aditya Shukla , Udayan Ganguly

Computing-in-memory with emerging non-volatile memory (nvCiM) is shown to be a promising candidate for accelerating deep neural networks (DNNs) with high energy efficiency. However, most non-volatile memory (NVM) devices suffer from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Zheyu Yan , Xiaobo Sharon Hu , Yiyu Shi

This paper presents a novel design concept for spintronic nanoelectronics that emphasizes a seamless integration of spin-based memory and logic circuits. The building blocks are magneto-logic gates based on a hybrid graphene/ferromagnet…

We present a design-scheme for ultra-low power neuromorphic hardware using emerging spin-devices. We propose device models for 'neuron', based on lateral spin valves and domain wall magnets that can operate at ultra-low terminal voltage of…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-07-19 Mrigank Sharad , Charles Augustine , Georgios Panagopoulos , Kaushik Roy

We propose and computationally analyze a nonvolatile static random access memory (NV-SRAM) cell using magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with magnetic-field-free current-induced magnetization switching (CIMS) architecture. A pair of MTJs…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-13 Shuu'ichirou Yamamoto , Satoshi Sugahara

The rapid growth of deep neural network (DNN) workloads has significantly increased the demand for large-capacity on-chip SRAM in machine learning (ML) applications, with SRAM arrays now occupying a substantial fraction of the total die…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Subhradip Chakraborty , Ankur Singh , Xuming Chen , Gourav Datta , Akhilesh R. Jaiswal

Byte-addressable non-volatile memory (NVM) features high density, DRAM comparable performance, and persistence. These characteristics position NVM as a promising new tier in the memory hierarchy. Nevertheless, NVM has asymmetric read and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Ivy B. Peng , Maya B. Gokhale , Eric W. Green

Magneto-Electric FET (MEFET) is a recently developed post-CMOS FET, which offers intriguing characteristics for high speed and low-power design in both logic and memory applications. In this paper, for the first time, we propose a…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Shaahin Angizi , Navid Khoshavi , Andrew Marshall , Peter Dowben , Deliang Fan

The transcription of handwritten text on images is one task in machine learning and one solution to solve it is using multi-dimensional recurrent neural networks (MDRNN) with connectionist temporal classification (CTC). The RNNs can contain…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-08-28 G. Leifert , T. Strauß , T. Grüning , R. Labahn

Magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ)-based magnetic random-access memory (MRAM) is a promising platform for neuromorphic and in-memory computing owing to its non-volatility, high endurance, fast switching dynamics and CMOS compatibility. However,…

Diffusion models have recently gained state of the art performance on many image generation tasks. However, most models require significant computational resources to achieve this. This becomes apparent in the application of medical image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Karan Jain , Mohammad Nayeem Teli

Recent studies have shown that nonlinear magnetization dynamics excited in nanostructured ferromagnets are applicable to brain-inspired computing such as physical reservoir computing. The previous works have utilized the magnetization…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-06-26 Tomohiro Taniguchi , Amon Ogihara , Yasuhiro Utsumi , Sumito Tsunegi

Bio-inspired hardware holds the promise of low-energy, intelligent and highly adaptable computing systems. Applications span from automatic classification for big data management, through unmanned vehicle control, to control for bio-medical…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Julie Grollier , Damien Querlioz , Mark D. Stiles