Related papers: A Study of BFLOAT16 for Deep Learning Training

Large-scale AI models, such as Large Language Models (LLMs) and Diffusion Models (DMs), have grown rapidly in size, creating significant challenges for efficient deployment on resource-constrained hardware. In this paper, we introduce…

Large language models (LLMs), with their billions of parameters, pose substantial challenges for deployment on edge devices, straining both memory capacity and computational resources. Block Floating Point (BFP) quantisation reduces memory…

Tensor Core is a mixed-precision matrix-matrix multiplication unit on NVIDIA GPUs with a theoretical peak performance of more than 300 TFlop/s on Ampere architectures. Tensor Cores were developed in response to the high demand of dense…

In Federated Learning (FL), clients may have weak devices that cannot train the full model or even hold it in their memory space. To implement large-scale FL applications, thus, it is crucial to develop a distributed learning method that…

Recent breakthroughs in deep neural networks (DNNs) have fueled a tremendous demand for intelligent edge devices featuring on-site learning, while the practical realization of such systems remains a challenge due to the limited resources…

Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) are widely used to reduce memory and computational costs in deep learning. However, existing implementations, including standard FFT and real FFT (rFFT), cannot achieve true in-place computation. In particular,…

In the context of various application scenarios and/or for the sake of strengthening field-programmable gate array (FPGA) security, the system functions of an FPGA design need to be analyzed, which can be achieved by systematically…

Existing models that achieve state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance on both clean and adversarially-perturbed images rely on convolution operations conditioned with feature-wise linear modulation (FiLM) layers. These layers require many new…

In this paper, we develop a physics-informed deep operator learning framework for solving multi-term time-fractional mixed diffusion-wave equations (TFMDWEs). We begin by deriving an $L_2$ approximation, which achieves first-order accuracy…

This paper reports a comprehensive study on the impacts of temperature-change, process variation, flicker noise and device aging on the inference accuracy of pre-trained all-ferroelectric (FE) FinFET deep neural networks.…

Self-supervised pre-training of large-scale transformer models on text corpora followed by finetuning has achieved state-of-the-art on a number of natural language processing tasks. Recently, Lu et al. (2021, arXiv:2103.05247) claimed that…

Backpropagation has been the cornerstone of neural network training for decades, yet its inefficiencies in time and energy consumption limit its suitability for resource-constrained edge devices. While low-precision neural network…

Modern AI hardware, such as Nvidia's Blackwell architecture, is increasingly embracing low-precision floating-point (FP) formats to handle the pervasive activation outliers in Large Language Models (LLMs). Despite this industry trend, a…

Low-bit floating-point (FP) formats, such as FP8, provide significant acceleration and memory savings in model training thanks to native hardware support on modern GPUs and NPUs. However, we analyze that FP8 quantization offers speedup…

FP8 training has emerged as a promising method for improving training efficiency. Existing frameworks accelerate training by applying FP8 computation to linear layers while leaving optimizer states and activations in higher precision, which…

Transformer-based models, such as BERT, have been widely applied in a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, one inevitable side effect is that they require massive memory storage and inference cost when deployed in…

The upcoming IEEE-P3109 standard for low-precision floating-point arithmetic can become the foundation of future machine learning hardware and software. Unlike IEEE-754, P3109 introduces a parametric framework defined by bitwidth,…

Training large language models (LLMs) models directly in low-precision offers a way to address computational costs by improving both throughput and energy efficiency. For those purposes, NVIDIA's recent Blackwell architecture facilitates…

Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm to enable collaborative model training with decentralized data. However, the training process of Large Language Models (LLMs) generally incurs the update of significant parameters, which…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are powerful for cognitive tasks such as image classification, object detection, and scene segmentation. One drawback however is the significant high computational complexity and memory consumption, which makes…