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Multimodal Small-to-Medium sized Language Models (MSLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in integrating visual and textual information but still face significant limitations in visual comprehension and mathematical reasoning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Ashutosh Bajpai , Akshat Bhandari , Akshay Nambi , Tanmoy Chakraborty

We show {\it semidefinite programming} (SDP) feasibility problem is equivalent to solving a {\it convex hull relaxation} (CHR) for a finite system of quadratic equations. On the one hand, this offers a simple description of SDP. On the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-08-18 Bahman Kalantari

Self-play with large language models has emerged as a promising paradigm for achieving self-improving artificial intelligence. However, existing self-play frameworks often suffer from optimization instability, due to (i) non-stationary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shengda Fan , Xuyan Ye , Yankai Lin

The boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem asks whether there exists an assignment of boolean values to the variables of an arbitrary boolean formula making the formula evaluate to True. It is well-known that all NP-problems can be coded as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Christopher R. Serrano , Jonathan Gallagher , Kenji Yamada , Alexei Kopylov , Michael A. Warren

The most successful parallel SAT and MaxSAT solvers follow a portfolio approach, where each thread applies a different algorithm (or the same algorithm configured differently) to solve a given problem instance. The main goal of building a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-05-12 Miguel Neves , Inês Lynce , Vasco Manquinho

MaxSAT is an optimization version of the famous NP-complete Satisfiability problem (SAT). Algorithms for MaxSAT mainly include complete solvers and local search incomplete solvers. In many complete solvers, once a better solution is found,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Jiongzhi Zheng , Zhuo Chen , Chu-Min Li , Kun He

This paper deals with the algorithmic aspects of solving feasibility problems of semidefinite programming (SDP), aka linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Since in some SDP instances all feasible solutions have irrational entries, numerical…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-28 Vladimir Kolmogorov , Simone Naldi , Jeferson Zapata

Boolean satisfiability (SAT) problem, the first problem proven to be NP-complete, has become a fundamental challenge in computational complexity, with widespread applications in optimization and verification across many domains. Despite…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Curie Kim , Carsten Portner , Mingju Liu , Steve Dai , Haoxing Ren , Brucek Khailany , Alvaro Velasquez , Ismail Alkhouri , Cunxi Yu

In this paper we present a new approach to solve the satisfiability problem (SAT), based on boolean networks (BN). We define a mapping between a SAT instance and a BN, and we solve SAT problem by simulating the BN dynamics. We prove that BN…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-02-01 Andrea Roli , Michela Milano

The least squares method with deep neural networks as function parametrization has been applied to solve certain high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) successfully; however, its convergence is slow and might not be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-30 Yiqi Gu , Haizhao Yang , Chao Zhou

Propositional satisfiability (SAT) is an NP-complete problem that impacts many research fields, such as planning, verification, and security. Mainstream modern SAT solvers are based on the Conflict-Driven Clause Learning (CDCL) algorithm.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Wenxi Wang , Yang Hu , Mohit Tiwari , Sarfraz Khurshid , Kenneth McMillan , Risto Miikkulainen

Optimization - minimization or maximization - in the lattice of subsets is a frequent operation in Artificial Intelligence tasks. Examples are subset-minimal model-based diagnosis, nonmonotonic reasoning by means of circumscription, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-23 Wolfgang Faber , Mauro Vallati , Federico Cerutti , Massimiliano Giacomin

In Bayesian inference, the maximum a posteriori (MAP) problem combines the most probable explanation (MPE) and marginalization (MAR) problems. The counterpart in propositional logic is the exist-random stochastic satisfiability (ER-SSAT)…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Vu H. N. Phan , Moshe Y. Vardi

We study the Boolean Satisfiability problem (SAT) in the framework of diversity, where one asks for multiple solutions that are mutually far apart (i.e., sufficiently dissimilar from each other) for a suitable notion of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Neeldhara Misra , Harshil Mittal , Ashutosh Rai

We present a Satisfiability (SAT)-based approach for building Mixed Covering Arrays with Constraints of minimum length, referred to as the Covering Array Number problem. This problem is central in Combinatorial Testing for the detection of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-27 Carlos Ansótegui , Felip Manyà , Jesus Ojeda , Josep M. Salvia , Eduard Torres

This article is concerned with the application of the program extraction technique to a new class of problems: the synthesis of decision procedures for the classical satisfiability problem that are correct by construction. To this end, we…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Ulrich Berger , Andrew Lawrence , Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg , Monika Seisenberger

The practical success of Boolean Satisfiability (SAT) solvers stems from the CDCL (Conflict-Driven Clause Learning) approach to SAT solving. However, from a propositional proof complexity perspective, CDCL is no more powerful than the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Alexey Ignatiev , Antonio Morgado , Joao Marques-Silva

Semidefinite programming (SDP) is a powerful framework from convex optimization that has striking potential for data science applications. This paper develops a provably correct randomized algorithm for solving large, weakly constrained SDP…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-26 Alp Yurtsever , Joel A. Tropp , Olivier Fercoq , Madeleine Udell , Volkan Cevher

Neuro-symbolic artificial intelligence (AI) systems typically couple a neural perception module to a discrete symbolic solver through a non-differentiable boundary, preventing constraint-satisfaction feedback from reaching the perception…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Wael AbdAlmageed

Semidefinite programming (SDP) provides a powerful relaxation for the maximum cut problem. For a graph with rational weights, the decision problem of whether the SDP relaxation for the maximum cut problem is exact is known to be $NP$-hard;…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-09 Avinash Bhardwaj , Hritiz Gogoi , Vishnu Narayanan , Abhishek Pathapati
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