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We study infinite-horizon average-reward Markov decision processes (AMDPs) in the context of general function approximation. Specifically, we propose a novel algorithmic framework named Local-fitted Optimization with OPtimism (LOOP), which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Jianliang He , Han Zhong , Zhuoran Yang

We consider synthesis of control policies that maximize the probability of satisfying given temporal logic specifications in unknown, stochastic environments. We model the interaction between the system and its environment as a Markov…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-05-01 Jie Fu , Ufuk Topcu

A fundamental (and largely open) challenge in sequential decision-making is dealing with non-stationary environments, where exogenous environmental conditions change over time. Such problems are traditionally modeled as non-stationary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Baiting Luo , Yunuo Zhang , Abhishek Dubey , Ayan Mukhopadhyay

Model Predictive Control (MPC) is a powerful control strategy widely utilized in domains like energy management, building control, and autonomous systems. However, its effectiveness in real-world settings is challenged by the need to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-08 Ruixiang Wu , Jiahao Ai , Tongxin Li

Grounding navigational commands to linear temporal logic (LTL) leverages its unambiguous semantics for reasoning about long-horizon tasks and verifying the satisfaction of temporal constraints. Existing approaches require training data from…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Jason Xinyu Liu , Ziyi Yang , Ifrah Idrees , Sam Liang , Benjamin Schornstein , Stefanie Tellex , Ankit Shah

We present a hierarchical language-driven framework for robotic task and motion planning to improve natural, intuitive human-robot interaction in service and assistance scenarios. The proposed system employs two large language model (LLM)…

This paper addresses a motion planning problem to achieve spatio-temporal-logical tasks, expressed by syntactically co-safe linear temporal logic specifications (scLTL\next), in uncertain environments. Here, the uncertainty is modeled as…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Azizollah Taheri , Derya Aksaray

This work targets the development of an efficient abstraction method for formal analysis and control synthesis of discrete-time stochastic hybrid systems (SHS) with linear dynamics. The focus is on temporal logic specifications, both over…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-20 Nathalie Cauchi , Luca Laurenti , Morteza Lahijanian , Alessandro Abate , Marta Kwiatkowska , Luca Cardelli

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable in-context learning (ICL) capabilities, yet their potential for sequential decision-making remains underexplored. In this paper, we study the ICL capabilities of LLMs in sequential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Minmin Zhang , Sina Aghaei , Soroush Saghafian

Large language models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in generating fluent text, but they still face a critical challenge of contextual misalignment in long-term and dynamic dialogue. When human users omit premises, simplify…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Ding Wei

Decision-making policies for agents are often synthesized with the constraint that a formal specification of behaviour is satisfied. Here we focus on infinite-horizon properties. On the one hand, Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is a popular…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Jan Křetínský

Our work aims at developing reinforcement learning algorithms that do not rely on the Markov assumption. We consider the class of Non-Markov Decision Processes where histories can be abstracted into a finite set of states while preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Alessandro Ronca , Gabriel Paludo Licks , Giuseppe De Giacomo

An effective approach to solving long-horizon tasks in robotics domains with continuous state and action spaces is bilevel planning, wherein a high-level search over an abstraction of an environment is used to guide low-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Nishanth Kumar , Willie McClinton , Rohan Chitnis , Tom Silver , Tomás Lozano-Pérez , Leslie Pack Kaelbling

The Markov decision process (MDP) formulation used to model many real-world sequential decision making problems does not efficiently capture the setting where the set of available decisions (actions) at each time step is stochastic.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Yash Chandak , Georgios Theocharous , Blossom Metevier , Philip S. Thomas

This work addresses the problem of multi-robot coordination under unknown robot transition models, ensuring that tasks specified by Time Window Temporal Logic are satisfied with user-defined probability thresholds. We present a bi-level…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Xiaoshan Lin , Roberto Tron

Large language model (LLM)-based agents are increasingly used to perform complex, multi-step workflows in regulated settings such as compliance and due diligence. However, many agentic architectures rely primarily on prompt engineering of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ananya Joshi , Michael Rudow

We introduce the spatiotemporal Markov decision process (STMDP), a special type of Markov decision process that models sequential decision-making problems which are not only characterized by temporal, but also by spatial interaction…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-08 M. C. de Jongh , Richard J. Boucherie , M. N. M. van Lieshout

In this paper, we propose a generalizable method that systematically combines data driven MCMC samplingand inference using rule-based context knowledge for data abstraction. In particular, we demonstrate the usefulness of our method in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Ziyuan Liu , Georg von Wichert

Reinforcement learning usually assumes a given or sometimes even fixed environment in which an agent seeks an optimal policy to maximize its long-term discounted reward. In contrast, we consider agents that are not limited to passive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Ziqing Lu , Babak Hassibi , Lifeng Lai , Weiyu Xu

Long-horizon task planning is essential for the development of intelligent assistive and service robots. In this work, we investigate the applicability of a smaller class of large language models (LLMs), specifically GPT-2, in robotic task…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Georgia Chalvatzaki , Ali Younes , Daljeet Nandha , An Le , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Iryna Gurevych