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We consider a composite optimization problem where the sum of a continuously differentiable and a merely lower semicontinuous function has to be minimized. The proximal gradient algorithm is the classical method for solving such a problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-05-01 Xiaoxi Jia , Christian Kanzow , Patrick Mehlitz

In this paper, we study the implicit regularization of the gradient descent algorithm in homogeneous neural networks, including fully-connected and convolutional neural networks with ReLU or LeakyReLU activations. In particular, we study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Kaifeng Lyu , Jian Li

Current state-of-the-art multi-objective optimization solvers, by computing gradients of all $m$ objective functions per iteration, produce after $k$ iterations a measure of proximity to critical conditions that is upper-bounded by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-26 I. F. D. Oliveira , R. H. C. Takahashi

In this paper, we consider the problem of phase retrieval, which consists of recovering an $n$-dimensional real vector from the magnitude of its $m$ linear measurements. We propose a mirror descent (or Bregman gradient descent) algorithm…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Jean-Jacques Godeme , Jalal Fadili , Xavier Buet , Myriam Zerrad , Michel Lequime , Claude Amra

Distributed optimization increasingly plays a central role in economical and sustainable operation of cyber-physical systems. Nevertheless, the complete potential of the technology has not yet been fully exploited in practice due to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-10-24 Sindri Magnusson , Chinwendu Enyioha , Na Li , Carlo Fischione , Vahid Tarokh

While Standard gradient descent is one very popular optimisation method, its convergence cannot be proven beyond the class of functions whose gradient is globally Lipschitz continuous. As such, it is not actually applicable to realistic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-02 Tuyen Trung Truong , Tuan Hang Nguyen

To compute the spatially distributed dielectric constant from the backscattering data, we study a coefficient inverse problem for a 1D hyperbolic equation. To solve the inverse problem, we establish a new version of Carleman estimate and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-26 Michael V. Klibanov , Thuy T. Le , Loc H. Nguyen , Anders Sullivan , Lam Nguyen

Given a non-convex twice differentiable cost function f, we prove that the set of initial conditions so that gradient descent converges to saddle points where \nabla^2 f has at least one strictly negative eigenvalue has (Lebesgue) measure…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2016-06-08 Ioannis Panageas , Georgios Piliouras

Efficient computation of min-max problems is a central question in optimization, learning, games, and controls. Arguably the most natural algorithm is gradient-descent-ascent (GDA). However, since the 1970s, conventional wisdom has argued…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-05 Henry Shugart , Jason M. Altschuler

Many machine learning and data science tasks require solving non-convex optimization problems. When the loss function is a sum of multiple terms, a popular method is the stochastic gradient descent. Viewed as a process for sampling the loss…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Jing An , Lexing Ying

Current state-of-the-art analyses on the convergence of gradient descent for training neural networks focus on characterizing properties of the loss landscape, such as the Polyak-Lojaciewicz (PL) condition and the restricted strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Fangshuo Liao , Anastasios Kyrillidis

Although the optimization objectives for learning neural networks are highly non-convex, gradient-based methods have been wildly successful at learning neural networks in practice. This juxtaposition has led to a number of recent studies on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Spencer Frei , Quanquan Gu

Gradient descent is slow to converge for ill-conditioned problems and non-convex problems. An important technique for acceleration is step-size adaptation. The first part of this paper contains a detailed review of step-size adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Hengshuai Yao

In this paper we consider stochastic composite convex optimization problems with the objective function satisfying a stochastic bounded gradient condition, with or without a quadratic functional growth property. These models include the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Ion Necoara

We identify and analyze a fundamental limitation of the classical projected subgradient method in nonsmooth convex optimization: the inevitable failure caused by the absence of valid subgradients at boundary points. We show that, under…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Zhihan Zhu , Yanhao Zhang , Yong Xia

Interpreting gradient methods as fixed-point iterations, we provide a detailed analysis of those methods for minimizing convex objective functions. Due to their conceptual and algorithmic simplicity, gradient methods are widely used in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-16 Alexander Jung

Stochastic-approximation gradient methods are attractive for large-scale convex optimization because they offer inexpensive iterations. They are especially popular in data-fitting and machine-learning applications where the data arrives in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-01-09 Michael P. Friedlander , Gabriel Goh

This paper presents a tractable algorithm for estimating an unknown Lipschitz function from noisy observations and establishes an upper bound on its convergence rate. The approach extends max-affine methods from convex shape-restricted…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-20 Gábor Balázs

We study the convergence issue for the gradient algorithm (employing general step sizes) for optimization problems on general Riemannian manifolds (without curvature constraints). Under the assumption of the local convexity/quasi-convexity…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-10-08 Chong Li , Xiangmei Wang , Jinhua Wang , Jen-Chih Yao

We present a subgradient method for minimizing non-smooth, non-Lipschitz convex optimization problems. The only structure assumed is that a strictly feasible point is known. We extend the work of Renegar [5] by taking a different…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-28 Benjamin Grimmer