Related papers: Questioning quark-gluon plasma formation in small …
A general scheme is proposed here to describe the production of semi soft and soft quarks and gluons that form the bulk of the plasma in ultra relativistic heavy ion collisions. We show how to obtain rates as a function of time in a self…
Using the recently published model for the collisional energy loss of heavy quarks (Q) in a Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), based on perturbative QCD (pQCD) with a running coupling constant, we study the interaction between heavy quarks and…
The energy densities achieved during central collisions of large nuclei at the AGS may be high enough to allow the formation of quark--gluon plasma. We propose that most collisions at AGS energies produce superheated hadronic matter, but in…
Recently, the ALICE Collaboration reported an enhancement of the yield ratio of strange and multi-strange hadrons to charged pions as a function of multiplicity at mid-rapidity in proton-proton, proton-lead, lead-lead, and xenon-xenon…
The quark-gluon plasma created in a relativistic heavy-ion collisions possesses a sizable pressure anisotropy in the local rest frame at very early times after the initial nuclear impact and this anisotropy only slowly relaxes as the system…
It is shown that the acoustic scaling patterns of anisotropic flow for different event shapes at a fixed collision centrality (shape-engineered events), provide robust constraints for the event-by-event fluctuations in the initial-state…
PHENIX has performed an extensive study on the evolution of medium effects from small to large systems. PHENIX has continued searching for Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) in small systems by measuring collectivity, modification of light hadron and…
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is created whose pre-equilibrium evolution includes a rich variety of exciting phenomena of Quantum Chromodynamics. In these Proceedings, we provide a short overview of our…
In 1996, D.H. Rischke and M. Gyulassy proposed to use the time-delay signal in Bose-Einstein correlations (BEC) as a signature for the possible formation of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In particular,…
We provide an overview of the present understanding of the transition from hadrons to a quark-gluon plasma, its signatures, and the experimental results so far. We discuss results of numerical simulations of the lattice gauge theory and…
Measurements at RHIC have established the creation of a Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) in most central heavy-ion collisions. An important tool to understand properties of the QGP is study of the spectral shapes of low-mass vector mesons (LVM's),…
We review key measurements performed by CMS in the context of its heavy ion physics program, using event samples collected in 2010-2018 with several collision systems and energies. These studies provide detailed macroscopic and microscopic…
Azimuthal anisotropy scaling functions for identified mesons and baryons are analyzed in large (Pb+Pb at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76$ and 5.02 TeV, Au+Au at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV), intermediate (Cu+Cu at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$~GeV), and small…
The quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is an exotic phase of matter, composed of deconfined quarks and gluons and is briefly created in heavy-ion collisions (HIC) at the LHC and at the RHIC. High-energy, self-collimated structures of final-state…
The effect of the non-extensive form of statistical mechanics proposed by Tsallis on the formation of a quark-gluon plasma (QGP) has been recently investigated in ref. \cite{1}. The results show that for small deviations ($\approx 10%$)…
We review the main results obtained by the BRAHMS collaboration on the properties of hot and dense hadronic and partonic matter produced in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC. A particular focus of this paper is to discuss to…
In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, the extractions of properties of quark-gluon plasma (QGP) are hindered by a limited understanding of its initial conditions, where the nuclear structure of the colliding ions play a significant role. In…
This is a critical review of the various observables that have been proposed to signal the change from dense hadronic matter to a quark-gluon plasma at high temperature or baryon density. I discuss current models of quark-gluon plasma…
We review the transport properties of the strongly interacting quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in heavy-ion collisions at ultrarelativistic energies, i.e. out-of equilibrium, and compare them to the equilibrium properties. The description…
While the existence of a strongly interacting state of matter, known as 'quark-gluon plasma' (QGP), has been established in heavy ion collision experiments in the past decade, the task remains to map out the transition from the hadronic…