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A widely believed explanation for the remarkable generalization capacities of overparameterized neural networks is that the optimization algorithms used for training induce an implicit bias towards benign solutions. To grasp this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Maria Matveev , Vit Fojtik , Hung-Hsu Chou , Gitta Kutyniok , Johannes Maly

Highly over-parameterized models can simultaneously memorize noisy labels and generalize well, yet how these behaviors coexist remains poorly understood. In this work, we investigate the underlying mechanisms of this coexistence using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Linyu Liu , Pinyan Lu

In this paper, we address the problem of effectively self-training neural networks in a low-resource setting. Self-training is frequently used to automatically increase the amount of training data. However, in a low-resource scenario, it is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-03 Debjit Paul , Mittul Singh , Michael A. Hedderich , Dietrich Klakow

Noisy labels are very common in deep supervised learning. Although many studies tend to improve the robustness of deep training for noisy labels, rare works focus on theoretically explaining the training behaviors of learning with noisily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-12 Yi Xu , Qi Qian , Hao Li , Rong Jin

Deep neural network can easily overfit to even noisy labels due to its high capacity, which degrades the generalization performance of a model. To overcome this issue, we propose a new approach for learning from noisy labels (LNL) via…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Seulki Park , Hwanjun Song , Daeho Um , Dae Ung Jo , Sangdoo Yun , Jin Young Choi

Overparametrized neural networks trained by gradient descent (GD) can provably overfit any training data. However, the generalization guarantee may not hold for noisy data. From a nonparametric perspective, this paper studies how well…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-28 Tianyang Hu , Wenjia Wang , Cong Lin , Guang Cheng

We explore the ability of overparameterized shallow neural networks to learn Lipschitz regression functions with and without label noise when trained by Gradient Descent (GD). To avoid the problem that in the presence of noisy labels,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári

The rising performance of deep neural networks is often empirically attributed to an increase in the available computational power, which allows complex models to be trained upon large amounts of annotated data. However, increased model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-22 Gauthier Tallec , Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

Recent studies show that pretraining a deep neural network with fine-grained labeled data, followed by fine-tuning on coarse-labeled data for downstream tasks, often yields better generalization than pretraining with coarse-labeled data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Guan Zhe Hong , Yin Cui , Ariel Fuxman , Stanley Chan , Enming Luo

The presence of label noise in the training data has a profound impact on the generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs). In this study, we introduce and theoretically demonstrate a simple feature noise method, which directly adds noise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Lu Zeng , Xuan Chen , Xiaoshuang Shi , Heng Tao Shen

Deep neural networks trained on large supervised datasets have led to impressive results in image classification and other tasks. However, well-annotated datasets can be time-consuming and expensive to collect, lending increased interest to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-27 David Rolnick , Andreas Veit , Serge Belongie , Nir Shavit

To collect large scale annotated data, it is inevitable to introduce label noise, i.e., incorrect class labels. To be robust against label noise, many successful methods rely on the noisy classifiers (i.e., models trained on the noisy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Songzhu Zheng , Pengxiang Wu , Aman Goswami , Mayank Goswami , Dimitris Metaxas , Chao Chen

Despite the popularity and success of deep learning, there is limited understanding of when, how, and why neural networks generalize to unseen examples. Since learning can be seen as extracting information from data, we formally study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Hrayr Harutyunyan

When random label noise is added to a training dataset, the prediction error of a neural network on a label-noise-free test dataset initially improves during early training but eventually deteriorates, following a U-shaped dependence on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Chaoyue Liu , Amirhesam Abedsoltan , Mikhail Belkin

Deep neural networks are susceptible to label noise. Existing methods to improve robustness, such as meta-learning and regularization, usually require significant change to the network architecture or careful tuning of the optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Li Chen , Ningyuan Huang , Cong Mu , Hayden S. Helm , Kate Lytvynets , Weiwei Yang , Carey E. Priebe

Recent advances in domain adaptation show that deep self-training presents a powerful means for unsupervised domain adaptation. These methods often involve an iterative process of predicting on target domain and then taking the confident…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-16 Yang Zou , Zhiding Yu , Xiaofeng Liu , B. V. K. Vijaya Kumar , Jinsong Wang

Gradient regularization, as described in \citet{barrett2021implicit}, is a highly effective technique for promoting flat minima during gradient descent. Empirical evidence suggests that this regularization technique can significantly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-03 Xuran Meng , Yuan Cao , Difan Zou

Machine learning models suffer from overfitting, which is caused by a lack of labeled data. To tackle this problem, we proposed a framework of regularization methods, called density-fixing, that can be used commonly for supervised and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Masanari Kimura , Ryohei Izawa

Deep neural networks (DNNs) fail to learn effectively under label noise and have been shown to memorize random labels which affect their generalization performance. We consider learning in isolation, using one-hot encoded labels as the sole…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-18 Fahad Sarfraz , Elahe Arani , Bahram Zonooz

Learning with noisy labels is an important and challenging task for training accurate deep neural networks. Some commonly-used loss functions, such as Cross Entropy (CE), suffer from severe overfitting to noisy labels. Robust loss functions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Xiong Zhou , Xianming Liu , Chenyang Wang , Deming Zhai , Junjun Jiang , Xiangyang Ji