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Feature propagation in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) can be associated to nonlinear discrete dynamical systems. The novelty, in this paper, lies in letting the discretization parameter (time step-size) vary from layer to layer, which needs to…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-20 Harbir Antil , Hugo Díaz , Evelyn Herberg

Diffusion, a fundamental internal mechanism emerging in many physical processes, describes the interaction among different objects. In many learning tasks with limited training samples, the diffusion connects the labeled and unlabeled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Tangjun Wang , Zehao Dou , Chenglong Bao , Zuoqiang Shi

This work analyzes Graph Neural Networks, a generalization of Fully-Connected Deep Neural Nets on Graph structured data, when their width, that is the number of nodes in each fullyconnected layer is increasing to infinity. Infinite Width…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Yunus Cobanoglu

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable success in image and video generation. In this work, we demonstrate that diffusion models can also \textit{generate high-performing neural network parameters}. Our approach is simple, utilizing an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Kai Wang , Dongwen Tang , Boya Zeng , Yida Yin , Zhaopan Xu , Yukun Zhou , Zelin Zang , Trevor Darrell , Zhuang Liu , Yang You

Neural-network models of high-level brain functions such as memory recall and reasoning often rely on the presence of stochasticity. The majority of these models assumes that each neuron in the functional network is equipped with its own…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-05-17 Jakob Jordan , Mihai A. Petrovici , Oliver Breitwieser , Johannes Schemmel , Karlheinz Meier , Markus Diesmann , Tom Tetzlaff

We propose two new criteria to understand the advantage of deepening neural networks. It is important to know the expressivity of functions computable by deep neural networks in order to understand the advantage of deepening neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Yasushi Esaki , Yuta Nakahara , Toshiyasu Matsushima

In this work, we build a generic architecture of Convolutional Neural Networks to discover empirical properties of neural networks. Our first contribution is to introduce a state-of-the-art framework that depends upon few hyper parameters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-07 Edouard Oyallon

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) excel at many tasks, often rivaling or surpassing human performance. Yet their internal processes remain elusive, frequently described as "black boxes." While performance can be refined experimentally, achieving…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-03 Sebastiano Ariosto

We consider a diffusion process on the edges of a finite network and allow for feedback effects between different, possibly non-adjacent edges. This generalizes the setting that is common in the literature, where the only considered…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2010-05-13 Stefano Cardanobile , Delio Mugnolo , Robin Nittka

Following the recent work on capacity allocation, we formulate the conjecture that the shattering problem in deep neural networks can only be avoided if the capacity propagation through layers has a non-degenerate continuous limit when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Jonathan Donier

Information propagation characterizes how input correlations evolve across layers in deep neural networks. This framework has been well studied using mean-field theory, which assumes infinitely wide networks. However, these assumptions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Giuseppe Alessio D'Inverno , Zhiyuan Hu , Leo Davy , Michael Unser , Gianluigi Rozza , Jonathan Dong

We investigate the relation between end-to-end equivariance and layerwise equivariance in deep neural networks. We prove the following: For a network whose end-to-end function is equivariant with respect to group actions on the input and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Vahid Shahverdi , Giovanni Luca Marchetti , Georg Bökman , Kathlén Kohn

Deep neural networks (DNNs) achieve remarkable performance on a wide range of tasks, yet their mathematical analysis remains fragmented: stability and generalization are typically studied in disparate frameworks and on a case-by-case basis.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-29 Jonathan Vacher

Deep neural networks are highly expressive models that have recently achieved state of the art performance on speech and visual recognition tasks. While their expressiveness is the reason they succeed, it also causes them to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Christian Szegedy , Wojciech Zaremba , Ilya Sutskever , Joan Bruna , Dumitru Erhan , Ian Goodfellow , Rob Fergus

In this paper we consider the limiting case of neural networks (NNs) architectures when the number of neurons in each hidden layer and the number of hidden layers tend to infinity thus forming a continuum, and we derive approximation errors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Christophe Prieur , Mircea Lazar , Bogdan Robu

We analyze the optimization landscapes of deep learning with wide networks. We highlight the importance of constraints for such networks and show that constraint -- as well as unconstraint -- empirical-risk minimization over such networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Johannes Lederer

In practice, multi-task learning (through learning features shared among tasks) is an essential property of deep neural networks (NNs). While infinite-width limits of NNs can provide good intuition for their generalization behavior, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Jakob Heiss , Josef Teichmann , Hanna Wutte

Recent work has argued that neural networks can be understood theoretically by taking the number of channels to infinity, at which point the outputs become Gaussian process (GP) distributed. However, we note that infinite Bayesian neural…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-25 Laurence Aitchison

We study inverse problems consisting on determining medium properties using the responses to probing waves from the machine learning point of view. Based on the understanding of propagation of waves and their nonlinear interactions, we…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-11-12 Gunther Uhlmann , Yiran Wang

It has long been known that a single-layer fully-connected neural network with an i.i.d. prior over its parameters is equivalent to a Gaussian process (GP), in the limit of infinite network width. This correspondence enables exact Bayesian…