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Several interesting models for contingency tables are defined by a system of equality and inequality constraints on a suitable set of marginal log-linear parameters. After reviewing the most common difficulties which are intrinsic to order…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-09 Roberto Colombi , Antonio Forcina

Applying software defect esimation techniques and presenting this information in a compact and impactful decision table can clearly illustrate to collaborative groups how critical this position is in the overall development cycle. The Test…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2007-11-13 James Cusick

Backtesting risk measures is a central task in financial regulation. While standard backtests evaluate whether a forecasting model is statistically consistent with observed losses, regulatory practice often requires assessing the…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-06 Zhanyi Jiao , Qiuqi Wang , Yimiao Zhao

This paper documents an exploratory pilot study to define the term Autonomous Entity, and any characteristics that are required to identify or classify an Autonomous Entity. Our solution builds on previous work with regard to philosophical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-04-27 William Wagner , Anna Źakowska , Clement Aladi , Joseph Santhosh

Context. Multiple automated techniques have been proposed and developed for mobile application GUI testing aiming to improve effectiveness, efficiency, and practicality. The effectiveness, efficiency, and practicality are 3 fundamental…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-01-01 Yauhen Leanidavich Arnatovich , Lipo Wang

The Internet of Things (IoT) has rapidly expanded across various sectors, with consumer IoT devices - such as smart thermostats and security cameras - experiencing growth. Although these devices improve efficiency and promise additional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Pascal Schöttle , Matthias Janetschek , Florian Merkle , Martin Nocker , Christoph Egger

Software testing is an expensive and important task. Plenty of researches and industrial efforts have been invested on improving software testing techniques, including criteria, tools, etc. These studies can provide guidelines to select…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Xiaoran Xu , Chunrong Fang , Qing Wu , Jia Liu , Zhenyu Chen

Estimating software testability can crucially assist software managers to optimize test budgets and software quality. In this paper, we propose a new approach that radically differs from the traditional approach of pursuing testability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Luca Guglielmo , Leonardo Mariani , Giovanni Denaro

Risk prediction models are a crucial tool in healthcare. Risk prediction models with a binary outcome (i.e., binary classification models) are often constructed using methodology which assumes the costs of different classification errors…

In recent years, the rapid expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) nodes and devices has seamlessly integrated technology into everyday life, amplifying the demand for optimized computing solutions. To meet the critical Quality of Service…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Iqra Batool , Sania Kanwal

As Large Language Models (LLMs) and generative AI become increasingly widespread, concerns about content safety have grown in parallel. Currently, there is a clear lack of high-quality, human-annotated datasets that address the full…

In recent years, the importance of smart contract security has been heightened by the increasing number of attacks against them. To address this issue, a multitude of static application security testing (SAST) tools have been proposed for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Kaixuan Li , Yue Xue , Sen Chen , Han Liu , Kairan Sun , Ming Hu , Haijun Wang , Yang Liu , Yixiang Chen

Security testing aims at validating software system requirements related to security properties like confidentiality, integrity, authentication, authorization, availability, and non-repudiation. Although security testing techniques are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2012-02-29 Ina Schieferdecker , Juergen Grossmann , Martin Schneider

ZigBee is a fairly new but promising wireless sensor network standard that offers the advantages of simple and low resource communication. Nevertheless, security is of great concern to ZigBee, and enhancements are prescribed in the latest…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-05-31 Ender Yüksel , Hanne Riis Nielson , Flemming Nielson , Matthias Fruth , Marta Kwiatkowska

Enterprise AI systems, built on large language models, retrieval pipelines and autonomous agents, introduce a class of risks that traditional software quality assurance was never designed to address. These systems are probabilistic,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Chitra Badagi , Divye Singh , Animesh Sen , Adinath Shirsath

With the rapid advancement of information technology, the complexity of applications continues to increase, and the cybersecurity challenges we face are also escalating. This paper aims to investigate the methods and practices of system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chunyi Zhang , Jin Zeng , Xiaoqi Li

With the increasing concern for security in the network, many approaches are laid out that try to protect the network from unauthorised access. New methods have been adopted in order to find the potential discrepancies that may damage the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-03-28 Sheetal Bairwa , Bhawna Mewara , Jyoti Gajrani

Probabilistic concurrent systems are foundational models for modern mobile computing. In this paper, a unifying approach to probabilistic testing equivalences is proposed. With the help of a new distribution-based semantics for…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Weijun Chen , Yuxi Fu , Huan Long , Hao Wu

Stochastic optimization problems often involve the expectation in its objective. When risk is incorporated in the problem description as well, then risk measures have to be involved in addition to quantify the acceptable risk, often in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-09-18 Alois Pichler

Foundation models have gained growing interest in the IoT domain due to their reduced reliance on labeled data and strong generalizability across tasks, which address key limitations of traditional machine learning approaches. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Hui Wei , Dong Yoon Lee , Shubham Rohal , Zhizhang Hu , Ryan Rossi , Shiwei Fang , Shijia Pan