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We describe a novel way of representing a symbolic knowledge base (KB) called a sparse-matrix reified KB. This representation enables neural modules that are fully differentiable, faithful to the original semantics of the KB, expressive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-17 William W. Cohen , Haitian Sun , R. Alex Hofer , Matthew Siegler

We consider the task of answering complex multi-hop questions using a corpus as a virtual knowledge base (KB). In particular, we describe a neural module, DrKIT, that traverses textual data like a KB, softly following paths of relations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-26 Bhuwan Dhingra , Manzil Zaheer , Vidhisha Balachandran , Graham Neubig , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , William W. Cohen

Multi-hop inference is necessary for machine learning systems to successfully solve tasks such as Recognising Textual Entailment and Machine Reading. In this work, we demonstrate the effectiveness of adaptive computation for learning the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Mark Neumann , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel

Multi-hop reasoning is an effective approach for query answering (QA) over incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). The problem can be formulated in a reinforcement learning (RL) setup, where a policy-based agent sequentially extends its…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-09-13 Xi Victoria Lin , Richard Socher , Caiming Xiong

Multi-hop knowledge based question answering (KBQA) is a complex task for natural language understanding. Many KBQA approaches have been proposed in recent years, and most of them are trained based on labeled reasoning path. This hinders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-25 Kechen Qin , Yu Wang , Cheng Li , Kalpa Gunaratna , Hongxia Jin , Virgil Pavlu , Javed A. Aslam

Multi-relation Question Answering is a challenging task, due to the requirement of elaborated analysis on questions and reasoning over multiple fact triples in knowledge base. In this paper, we present a novel model called Interpretable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-04 Mantong Zhou , Minlie Huang , Xiaoyan Zhu

In this position paper, we propose a new approach to generating a type of knowledge base (KB) from text, based on question generation and entity linking. We argue that the proposed type of KB has many of the key advantages of a traditional…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Wenhu Chen , William W. Cohen , Michiel De Jong , Nitish Gupta , Alessandro Presta , Pat Verga , John Wieting

We present a new perspective on neural knowledge base (KB) embeddings, from which we build a framework that can model symbolic knowledge in the KB together with its learning process. We show that this framework well regularizes previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-04 Jiaxin Shi , Jun Zhu

Multi-hop reasoning requires aggregating multiple documents to answer a complex question. Existing methods usually decompose the multi-hop question into simpler single-hop questions to solve the problem for illustrating the explainable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Zhihao Fan , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Knowledge base (KB) completion adds new facts to a KB by making inferences from existing facts, for example by inferring with high likelihood nationality(X,Y) from bornIn(X,Y). Most previous methods infer simple one-hop relational synonyms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-05-29 Arvind Neelakantan , Benjamin Roth , Andrew McCallum

One of the challenges faced by conversational agents is their inability to identify unstated presumptions of their users' commands, a task trivial for humans due to their common sense. In this paper, we propose a zero-shot commonsense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-20 Forough Arabshahi , Jennifer Lee , Antoine Bosselut , Yejin Choi , Tom Mitchell

In large language model-based agents, memory serves as a critical capability for achieving personalization by storing and utilizing users' information. Although some previous studies have adopted memory to implement user personalization,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Zeyu Zhang , Yang Zhang , Haoran Tan , Rui Li , Xu Chen

Reasoning with knowledge expressed in natural language and Knowledge Bases (KBs) is a major challenge for Artificial Intelligence, with applications in machine reading, dialogue, and question answering. General neural architectures that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-24 Pasquale Minervini , Matko Bošnjak , Tim Rocktäschel , Sebastian Riedel , Edward Grefenstette

This paper presents Diff-Explainer, the first hybrid framework for explainable multi-hop inference that integrates explicit constraints with neural architectures through differentiable convex optimization. Specifically, Diff-Explainer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Mokanarangan Thayaparan , Marco Valentino , Deborah Ferreira , Julia Rozanova , André Freitas

Multi-hop reasoning has been widely studied in recent years to obtain more interpretable link prediction. However, we find in experiments that many paths given by these models are actually unreasonable, while little works have been done on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Xin Lv , Yixin Cao , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Yichi Zhang , Zelin Dai

Explainable multi-hop question answering (QA) not only predicts answers but also identifies rationales, i. e. subsets of input sentences used to derive the answers. This problem has been extensively studied under the supervised setting,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Wenting Zhao , Justin T. Chiu , Claire Cardie , Alexander M. Rush

Multi-hop reading comprehension requires not only the ability to reason over raw text but also the ability to combine multiple evidence. We propose a novel learning approach that helps language models better understand difficult multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Xiao-Yu Guo , Yuan-Fang Li , Gholamreza Haffari

Large knowledge bases (KBs) are useful in many tasks, but it is unclear how to integrate this sort of knowledge into "deep" gradient-based learning systems. To address this problem, we describe a probabilistic deductive database, called…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-07-21 William W. Cohen

Reading comprehension QA tasks have seen a recent surge in popularity, yet most works have focused on fact-finding extractive QA. We instead focus on a more challenging multi-hop generative task (NarrativeQA), which requires the model to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Lisa Bauer , Yicheng Wang , Mohit Bansal

Knowledge graph (KG) is known to be helpful for the task of question answering (QA), since it provides well-structured relational information between entities, and allows one to further infer indirect facts. However, it is challenging to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-29 Yuyu Zhang , Hanjun Dai , Zornitsa Kozareva , Alexander J. Smola , Le Song
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