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Multimodal fusion, leveraging data like vision and language, is rapidly gaining traction. This enriched data representation improves performance across various tasks. Existing methods for out-of-distribution (OOD) detection, a critical area…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Jinglun Li , Xinyu Zhou , Kaixun Jiang , Lingyi Hong , Pinxue Guo , Zhaoyu Chen , Weifeng Ge , Wenqiang Zhang

Detecting dialogue breakdown in real time is critical for conversational AI systems, because it enables taking corrective action to successfully complete a task. In spoken dialog systems, this breakdown can be caused by a variety of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Md Messal Monem Miah , Ulie Schnaithmann , Arushi Raghuvanshi , Youngseo Son

Image captioning research achieved breakthroughs in recent years by developing neural models that can generate diverse and high-quality descriptions for images drawn from the same distribution as training images. However, when facing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Gabi Shalev , Gal-Lev Shalev , Joseph Keshet

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for ensuring the robustness of machine learning models by identifying samples that deviate from the training distribution. While traditional OOD detection has primarily focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Shawn Li , Huixian Gong , Hao Dong , Tiankai Yang , Zhengzhong Tu , Yue Zhao

Neural networks are often utilised in critical domain applications (e.g. self-driving cars, financial markets, and aerospace engineering), even though they exhibit overconfident predictions for ambiguous inputs. This deficiency demonstrates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-03 John Mitros , Brian Mac Namee

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a crucial task for ensuring the reliability and safety of deep learning. Currently, discriminator models outperform other methods in this regard. However, the feature extraction process used by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Luping Liu , Yi Ren , Xize Cheng , Rongjie Huang , Chongxuan Li , Zhou Zhao

Video synthesis methods rapidly improved in recent years, allowing easy creation of synthetic humans. This poses a problem, especially in the era of social media, as synthetic videos of speaking humans can be used to spread misinformation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Gil Knafo , Ohad Fried

Incorporating external knowledge into dialogue generation has been proven to benefit the performance of an open-domain Dialogue System (DS), such as generating informative or stylized responses, controlling conversation topics. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Longxuan Ma , Mingda Li , Weinan Zhang , Jiapeng Li , Ting Liu

Out-of-Domain (OOD) intent detection is important for practical dialog systems. To alleviate the issue of lacking OOD training samples, some works propose synthesizing pseudo OOD samples and directly assigning one-hot OOD labels to these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Hao Lang , Yinhe Zheng , Jian Sun , Fei Huang , Luo Si , Yongbin Li

The core of out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is to learn the in-distribution (ID) representation, which is distinguishable from OOD samples. Previous work applied recognition-based methods to learn the ID features, which tend to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Jingyao Li , Pengguang Chen , Shaozuo Yu , Zexin He , Shu Liu , Jiaya Jia

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection lies at the heart of robust artificial intelligence (AI), aiming to identify samples from novel distributions beyond the training set. Recent approaches have exploited feature representations as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Tarhib Al Azad , Faizul Rakib Sayem , Shahana Ibrahim

Despite outstanding semantic scene segmentation in closed-worlds, deep neural networks segment novel instances poorly, which is required for autonomous agents acting in an open world. To improve out-of-distribution (OOD) detection for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Meghna Gummadi , Cassandra Kent , Karl Schmeckpeper , Eric Eaton

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection targets to detect and reject test samples with semantic shifts, to prevent models trained on in-distribution (ID) dataset from producing unreliable predictions. Existing works only extract the appearance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xiang Fang , Arvind Easwaran , Blaise Genest

Effective Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection is criti-cal for ensuring the reliability of semantic segmentation models, particularly in complex road environments where safety and accuracy are paramount. Despite recent advancements in large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Jeonghyo Song , Kimin Yun , DaeUng Jo , Jinyoung Kim , Youngjoon Yoo

Deep neural networks have achieved great success in classification tasks during the last years. However, one major problem to the path towards artificial intelligence is the inability of neural networks to accurately detect samples from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-16 Aristotelis-Angelos Papadopoulos , Mohammad Reza Rajati , Nazim Shaikh , Jiamian Wang

This paper presents an ontology-aware pretrained language model (OPAL) for end-to-end task-oriented dialogue (TOD). Unlike chit-chat dialogue models, task-oriented dialogue models fulfill at least two task-specific modules: dialogue state…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Zhi Chen , Yuncong Liu , Lu Chen , Su Zhu , Mengyue Wu , Kai Yu

In the retrieval-based multi-turn dialogue modeling, it remains a challenge to select the most appropriate response according to extracting salient features in context utterances. As a conversation goes on, topic shift at discourse-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-18 Yi Xu , Hai Zhao , Zhuosheng Zhang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is essential for reliable and trustworthy machine learning. Recent multi-modal OOD detection leverages textual information from in-distribution (ID) class names for visual OOD detection, yet it currently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Yi Dai , Hao Lang , Kaisheng Zeng , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Discourse relation identification has been an active area of research for many years, and the challenge of identifying implicit relations remains largely an unsolved task, especially in the context of an open-domain dialogue system.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-10 Mingyu Derek Ma , Kevin K. Bowden , Jiaqi Wu , Wen Cui , Marilyn Walker

Two fundamental requirements for the deployment of machine learning models in safety-critical systems are to be able to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) data correctly and to be able to explain the prediction of the model. Although…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-13 Nawid Keshtmand , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Jonathan Lawry