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This paper presents a wp-style calculus for obtaining bounds on the expected run-time of probabilistic programs. Its application includes determining the (possibly infinite) expected termination time of a probabilistic program and proving…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Benjamin Lucien Kaminski , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Christoph Matheja , Federico Olmedo

This paper presents a wp-style calculus for obtaining expectations on the outcomes of (mutually) recursive probabilistic programs. We provide several proof rules to derive one-- and two--sided bounds for such expectations, and show the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-03-10 Federico Olmedo , Benjamin Lucien Kaminski , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Christoph Matheja

This paper considers the computational hardness of computing expected outcomes and deciding almost-sure termination of probabilistic programs. We show that deciding almost-sure termination and deciding whether the expected outcome of a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Benjamin Lucien Kaminski , Joost-Pieter Katoen

Consider testing multiple hypotheses in the setting where the p-values of all hypotheses are unknown and thus have to be approximated using Monte Carlo simulations. One class of algorithms published in the literature for this scenario…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-16 Georg Hahn

Proving programs terminating is a fundamental computer science challenge. Recent research has produced powerful tools that can check a wide range of programs for termination. The analog for probabilistic programs, namely termination with…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-04-16 Javier Esparza , Andreas Gaiser , Stefan Kiefer

We show that a subclass of infinite-state probabilistic programs that can be modeled by probabilistic one-counter automata (pOC) admits an efficient quantitative analysis. In particular, we show that the expected termination time can be…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2011-02-15 Tomas Brazdil , Stefan Kiefer , Antonin Kucera

Through a straightforward Bayesian approach we show that under some general conditions a maximum running time, namely the number of discrete steps performed by a computer program during its execution, can be defined such that the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Germano D'Abramo

Since many real-world problems arising in the fields of compiler optimisation, automated software engineering, formal proof systems, and so forth are equivalent to the Halting Problem--the most notorious undecidable problem--there is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Cristian S. Calude , Michael A. Stay

Essential tasks for the verification of probabilistic programs include bounding expected outcomes and proving termination in finite expected runtime. We contribute a simple yet effective inductive synthesis approach for proving such…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-02-09 Kevin Batz , Mingshuai Chen , Sebastian Junges , Benjamin Lucien Kaminski , Joost-Pieter Katoen , Christoph Matheja

Raghavendra (STOC 2008) gave an elegant and surprising result: if Khot's Unique Games Conjecture (STOC 2002) is true, then for every constraint satisfaction problem (CSP), the best approximation ratio is attained by a certain simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-11-01 Yuichi Yoshida

We show that universal positive almost sure termination (UPAST) is decidable for a class of simple randomized programs, i.e., it is decidable whether the expected runtime of such a program is finite for all inputs. Our class contains all…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Éléanore Meyer , Jürgen Giesl

We show that the standard computational pipeline of probabilistic programming systems (PPSs) can be inefficient for estimating expectations and introduce the concept of expectation programming to address this. In expectation programming,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Tim Reichelt , Adam Goliński , Luke Ong , Tom Rainforth

The notion of program sensitivity (aka Lipschitz continuity) specifies that changes in the program input result in proportional changes to the program output. For probabilistic programs the notion is naturally extended to expected…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Peixin Wang , Hongfei Fu , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Yuxin Deng , Ming Xu

We study expected runtimes for quantum programs. Inspired by recent work on probabilistic programs, we first define expected runtime as a generalisation of quantum weakest precondition. Then, we show that the expected runtime of a quantum…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Junyi Liu , Li Zhou , Gilles Barthe , Mingsheng Ying

We present a novel modular approach to infer upper bounds on the expected runtime of probabilistic integer programs automatically. To this end, it computes bounds on the runtime of program parts and on the sizes of their variables in an…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Fabian Meyer , Marcel Hark , Jürgen Giesl

Probabilistic pushdown automata (pPDA) are a natural operational model for a variety of recursive discrete stochastic processes. In this paper, we study certificates - succinct and easily verifiable proofs - for upper and lower bounds on…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Tobias Winkler , Joost-Pieter Katoen

This paper proposes probabilistic conformal prediction (PCP), a predictive inference algorithm that estimates a target variable by a discontinuous predictive set. Given inputs, PCP construct the predictive set based on random samples from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-22 Zhendong Wang , Ruijiang Gao , Mingzhang Yin , Mingyuan Zhou , David M. Blei

We study termination time and recurrence time in programs with unbounded recursion, which are either randomized or operate on some statistically quantified inputs. As the underlying formal model for such programs we use probabilistic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2012-06-01 Tomas Brazdil , Stefan Kiefer , Antonin Kucera , Ivana Hutarova Varekova

In this abstract we study the resource consumption of quantum programs. Specifically, we focus on the expected runtime of programs and, inspired by recent methods for probabilistic programs, we develop a calculus \`a la weakest precondition…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Federico Olmedo , Alejandro Díaz-Caro

We introduce the notion of a stochastic probabilistic program and present a reference implementation of a probabilistic programming facility supporting specification of stochastic probabilistic programs and inference in them. Stochastic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-01-23 David Tolpin , Tomer Dobkin
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