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Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) have been used to formulate many decision-making problems in science and engineering. The objective is to synthesize the best decision (action selection) policies to maximize expected rewards (minimize…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-07-08 Mahmoud El Chamie , Behcet Acikmese

We investigate the problem of optimal control synthesis for Markov Decision Processes (MDPs), addressing both qualitative and quantitative objectives. Specifically, we require the system to satisfy a qualitative task specified by a Linear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Yu Chen , Xuanyuan Yin , Shaoyuan Li , Xiang Yin

We consider a new form of reinforcement learning (RL) that is based on opportunities to directly learn the optimal control policy and a general Markov decision process (MDP) framework devised to support these opportunities. Derivations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Yingdong Lu , Mark S. Squillante , Chai Wah Wu

This paper studies the computation of robust deterministic policies for Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) in the Lightning Does Not Strike Twice (LDST) model of Mannor, Mebel and Xu (ICML '12). In this model, designed to provide robustness…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-18 Fei Wu , Erik Demeulemeester , Jannik Matuschke

We consider the task of evaluating a policy for a Markov decision process (MDP). The standard unbiased technique for evaluating a policy is to deploy the policy and observe its performance. We show that the data collected from deploying a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-06-13 Josiah P. Hanna , Philip S. Thomas , Peter Stone , Scott Niekum

In this paper, we show how a simulated Markov decision process (MDP) built by the so-called \emph{baseline} policies, can be used to compute a different policy, namely the \emph{simulated optimal} policy, for which the performance of this…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-13 Yinlam Chow , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh

Interpretable reinforcement learning policies are essential for high-stakes decision-making, yet optimizing decision tree policies in Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) remains challenging. We propose SPOT, a novel method for computing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xuyuan Xiong , Pedro Chumpitaz-Flores , Kaixun Hua , Cheng Hua

The standard formulation of Markov decision processes (MDPs) assumes that the agent's decisions are executed immediately. However, in numerous realistic applications such as robotics or healthcare, actions are performed with a delay whose…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-09 David Valensi , Esther Derman , Shie Mannor , Gal Dalal

Consider a transmission scheme with a single transmitter and multiple receivers over a faulty broadcast channel. For each receiver, the transmitter has a unique infinite stream of packets, and its goal is to deliver them at the highest…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-10-27 Mark Shifrin , Asaf Cohen , Omer Gurewitz , Olga Weisman

Deterministic Markov Decision Processes (DMDPs) are a mathematical framework for decision-making where the outcomes and future possible actions are deterministically determined by the current action taken. DMDPs can be viewed as a finite…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ali Asadi , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Jakob de Raaij

Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) are the most common model for decision making under uncertainty in the Machine Learning community. An MDP captures non-determinism, probabilistic uncertainty, and an explicit model of action. A Reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Alena Makarova , Houssam Abbas

Moving target defense (MTD) techniques that enable a system to randomize its configuration to thwart prospective attacks are an effective security solution for tomorrow's wireless networks. However, there is a lack of analytical techniques…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 AbdelRahman Eldosouky , Walid Saad , Dusit Niyato

In response to the increasing deployment of battery storage systems for cost reduction and grid stress mitigation, this study presents the development of a new real-time Markov decision process model to efficiently schedule battery systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-17 Hussein Sharadga , Ahmad Dawahdeh , Golbon Zakeri , Abdullah Hayajneh , Geoff Pritchard

One of the most critical components of the Internet that an attacker could exploit is the DNS (Domain Name System) protocol and infrastructure. Researchers have been constantly developing methods to detect and defend against the attacks…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Abdullah Aydeger , Pei Zhou , Sanzida Hoque , Marco Carvalho , Engin Zeydan

Over the years, most research towards defenses against adversarial attacks on machine learning models has been in the image recognition domain. The ML-based malware detection domain has received less attention despite its importance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Aqib Rashid , Jose Such

A multi-agent partially observable Markov decision process (MPOMDP) is a modeling paradigm used for high-level planning of heterogeneous autonomous agents subject to uncertainty and partial observation. Despite their modeling efficiency,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-09-13 Mohamadreza Ahmadi , Andrew Singletary , Joel W. Burdick , Aaron D. Ames

We study the common generalization of Markov decision processes (MDPs) with sets of transition probabilities, known as robust MDPs (RMDPs). A standard goal in RMDPs is to compute a policy that maximizes the expected return under an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Alessandro Abate , Thom Badings , Giuseppe De Giacomo , Francesco Fabiano

Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is widely used to specify high-level objectives for system policies, and it is highly desirable for autonomous systems to learn the optimal policy with respect to such specifications. However, learning the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Daqian Shao , Marta Kwiatkowska

Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) is a natural framework for reinforcement learning tasks with safety constraints, where agents learn a policy that maximizes the long-term reward while satisfying the constraints on the long-term…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-02-20 Qingkai Liang , Fanyu Que , Eytan Modiano

In this paper, we use concepts from supervisory control theory of discrete event systems to propose a method to learn optimal control policies for a finite-state Markov Decision Process (MDP) in which (only) certain sequences of actions are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-04 Arun Raman , Keerthan Shagrithaya , Shalabh Bhatnagar