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Related papers: ConTExT: Leakage-Free Transient Execution

200 papers

Dataset condensation aims to synthesize compact yet informative datasets that retain the training efficacy of full-scale data, offering substantial gains in efficiency. Recent studies reveal that the condensation process can be vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-01 He Yang , Dongyi Lv , Song Ma , Wei Xi , Jizhong Zhao

Caches are used to reduce the speed differential between the CPU and memory to improve the performance of modern processors. However, attackers can use contention-based cache timing attacks to steal sensitive information from victim…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Quancheng Wang , Xige Zhang , Han Wang , Yuzhe Gu , Ming Tang

Modern processor designs use a variety of microarchitectural methods to achieve high performance. Unfortunately, new side-channels have often been uncovered that exploit these enhanced designs. One area that has received little attention…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Yun Chen , Lingfeng Pei , Trevor E. Carlson

Speculation is key to achieving high CPU performance, yet it enables risks like Spectre attacks which remain a significant challenge to mitigate without incurring substantial performance overheads. These attacks typically unfold in three…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Hossam ElAtali , N. Asokan

Side-channel attacks such as Spectre that utilize speculative execution to steal application secrets pose a significant threat to modern computing systems. While program transformations can mitigate some Spectre attacks, more advanced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-27 Zhuojia Shen , Jie Zhou , Divya Ojha , John Criswell

Information flow security ensures that the secret data manipulated by a program does not influence its observable output. Proving information flow security is especially challenging for concurrent programs, where operations on secret data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Marco Eilers , Thibault Dardinier , Peter Müller

Recently, APT attacks have frequently happened, which are increasingly complicated and more challenging for traditional security detection models. The system logs are vital for cyber security analysis mainly due to their effective…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Tieming Chen , Qijie Song , Xuebo Qiu , Tiantian Zhu , Zhiling Zhu , Mingqi Lv

Errors due to hardware or low level software problems, if detected, can be fixed by various schemes, such as recomputation from a checkpoint. Silent errors are errors in application state that have escaped low-level error detection. At…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2018-01-08 Austin R. Benson , Sven Schmit , Robert Schreiber

Distributed ledgers are increasingly relied upon by industry to provide trustworthy accountability, strong integrity protection, and high availability for critical data without centralizing trust. Recently, distributed append-only logs are…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Shubham Mishra , João Gonçalves , Chawinphat Tankuranand , Neil Giridharan , Natacha Crooks , Heidi Howard , Chris Jensen

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely adopted across various applications, leveraging customized system prompts for diverse tasks. Facing potential system prompt leakage risks, model developers have implemented strategies to prevent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Bochuan Cao , Changjiang Li , Yuanpu Cao , Yameng Ge , Ting Wang , Jinghui Chen

Modern microprocessors depend on speculative execution, creating vulnerabilities that enable transient execution attacks. Prior defenses target speculative data leakage but overlook false dependencies from partial address aliasing, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Gayathri Subramanian , Girinath P , Nitya Ranganathan , Kamakoti Veezhinathan , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan

Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) on low-power microcontrollers (e.g., ARM TrustZone-M) enable isolation of Secure and Non-Secure software but still require both worlds to share resources, including interrupt controllers. In this model,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Antonio Joia Neto , Amarin Laohajirapan , Norrathep Rattanavipanon , Ivan De Oliveira Nunes

Performance Monitor Unit (PMU) is a significant hardware module on the current processors, which counts the events launched by processor into a set of PMU counters. Ideally, the events triggered by instructions that are executed but the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Pengfei Qiu , Yongqiang Lyu , Haixia Wang , Dongsheng Wang , Chang Liu , Qiang Gao , Chunlu Wang , Rihui Sun , Gang Qu

Caches on the modern commodity CPUs have become one of the major sources of side-channel leakages and been abused as a new attack vector. To thwart the cache-based side-channel attacks, two types of countermeasures have been proposed:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Jaehyuk Lee , Fan Sang , Taesoo Kim

We present Janus, a compiler-based security framework that mitigates transient execution attacks like Spectre and control-flow hijacking on ARM64 platforms. Janus integrates speculative execution and control flow dependencies with PA…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ciyan Ouyang , Peinan Li , Yubiao Huang , Dan Meng , Rui Hou

With the rapid increase in software exploits, the last few decades have seen several hardware-level features to enhance security (e.g., Intel MPX, ARM TrustZone, Intel SGX, Intel CET). Due to security, performance and/or usability issues…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Matthew Cole , Aravind Prakash

Recently, the new ciphertext side channels resulting from the deterministic memory encryption in Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs), enable ciphertexts to manifest identifiable patterns when being sequentially written to the same memory…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ke Jiang , Sen Deng , Yinshuai Li , Shuai Wang , Tianwei Zhang , Yinqian Zhang

Modern processors employ different prediction mechanisms to speculate over different kinds of instructions. Attackers can exploit these prediction mechanisms simultaneously in order to trigger leaks about speculatively-accessed data. Thus,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-05 Xaver Fabian , Marco Guarnieri , Marco Patrignani

Graph databases have garnered extensive attention and research due to their ability to manage relationships between entities efficiently. Today, many graph search services have been outsourced to a third-party server to facilitate storage…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Qiuhao Wang , Xu Yang , Yiwei Liu , Saiyu Qi , Hongguang Zhao , Ke Li , Yong Qi

Malware and cheat developers use fileless execution techniques to evade traditional, signature-based security products. These methods include various types of manual mapping, module stomping, and threadless injection which work entirely…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Arjun Juneja