Related papers: A Live Maxwell's Demon
The NEXT experiment aims to observe the neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{136}$Xe in a high pressure gas TPC using electroluminescence (EL) to amplify the signal from ionization. Understanding the response of the detector is imperative…
Young, rapidly rotating neutron stars could accelerate ions from their surface to energies of $\sim 1$ PeV. If protons reach such energies, they will produce pions (with low probability) through resonant scattering with x-rays from the…
People need a model to study tachyons whose prediction can be tested easily. The dispersion relation w^2=k^2C^2-a^2C^2 of a low-frequency electromagnetic field in good conductors is equivalent to the energy-momentum equation…
For the first time primary hot isotope distributions are experimentally reconstructed in intermediate heavy ion collisions and used with antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) calculations to determine density, temperature and symmetry…
We are interested in electrons kinetics in a stellar atmosphere to validate or invalidate the usually accepted hypothesis of thermalisation of electrons. For this purpose, we calculate the velocity distribution function of electrons by…
We develop a first-principles formalism, based on the transport equation in the line-of-sight approximation, to link the expected number of muons at neutrino telescopes to the flux of neutrinos at the Earth's surface. We compute the…
The paradox of Maxwell's demon motivated the development of information thermodynamics and the creation of nanoscale information engines. We now understand that machines such as the molecular motors within cells can in principle harvest…
Empirically determined values of the nuclear volume and surface symmetry energy coefficients from nuclear masses are expressed in terms of density distributions of nucleons in heavy nuclei in the local density approximation. This is then…
A compact photoneutron source (PNS), based on an electron linac was designed and constructed to provide required nuclear data for the design of Thorium Molten Salt Reactor (TMSR). Many local shielding are built to reduce the background of…
We propose a setup based on two coupled quantum dots where thermodynamics of a measurement can be quantitatively characterized. The information obtained in the measurement can be utilized by performing feedback in a manner apparently…
We distinguish traditional implementations of autonomous Maxwell demons from related linear devices that were recently proposed, not relying on the notions of measurements and feedback control. In both cases a current seems to flow against…
External piecewise-constant feedback control can modify energetic and entropic balances, allowing in extreme scenarios for Maxwell demon operational modes. Without specifying the actual implementation of external feedback loops, one can…
Thought experiments like Maxwell's Demon or the Feynman-Smoluchowski Ratchet can help in pursuing the microscopic origin of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Here we present a more sophisticated physical system than a ratchet, consisting of…
The NUCLEON satellite experiment is designed to directly investigate the energy spectra of cosmic-ray nuclei and the chemical composition (Z=1-30) in the energy range of 2-500 TeV. The experimental results are presented, including the…
The physics of nuclear reactions in stellar plasma is reviewed with special emphasis on the importance of the velocity distribution of ions. Then the properties (density and temperature) of the weak-coupled solar plasma are analysed,…
Adopting the convection-diffusion model for energetic electron and proton propagation, and accounting for all the relevant hadronic and leptonic processes, the steady-state energy distributions of these particles in the starburst galaxies…
The kinematic lower bound for the single scattering of neutrons produced in DT fusion reactions produces a backscatter edge in the measured neutron spectrum. The energy spectrum of backscattered neutrons is dependent on the scattering ion…
We study the kinetic theory of driven granular gases, taking into account both translational and rotational degrees of freedom. We obtain the high-energy tail of the stationary bivariate energy distribution, depending on the total energy E…
A new measurement of the $^{235}$U(n,f) cross section was performed at the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN. The experiment focused on neutron energies from 20 MeV to several hundred MeV, and was normalized to neutron…
The problem of Maxwell's demon in granular gas is revisited in the case of a mixture of two particle species. The phase space is found to be 2d. Existence of cyclic orbits, with periodic segregation, is demonstrated by investigating the…