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Ideal quantum algorithms usually assume that quantum computing is performed continuously by a sequence of unitary transformations. However, there always exist idle finite time intervals between consecutive operations in a realistic quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 L. F. Wei , Xiao Li , Xuedong Hu , Franco Nori

Shor's quantum algorithm is very important for cryptography, since it can factor large numbers much faster than classical algorithms. In this study, we implement a simulator for Shor's quantum algorithm on graphic processor units (GPU) and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-05 I. Savran , M. Demirci , A. H. Yilmaz

Quantum computers are able to outperform classical algorithms. This was long recognized by the visionary Richard Feynman who pointed out in the 1980s that quantum mechanical problems were better solved with quantum machines. It was only in…

Shor's algorithm is one of the most significant quantum algorithms. Shor's algorithm can factor large integers with a certain success probability in polynomial time. However, Shor's algorithm requires an unbearable amount of qubits in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-16 Ligang Xiao , Daowen Qiu , Le Luo , Paulo Mateus

In recent years, advancements in quantum chip technology, such as Willow, have contributed to reducing quantum computation error rates, potentially accelerating the practical adoption of quantum computing. As a result, the design of quantum…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Abel C. H. Chen

Solving the discrete logarithm problem (DLP) with quantum computers is a fundamental task with important implications. Beyond Shor's algorithm, many researchers have proposed alternative solutions in recent years. However, due to current…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Renjie Xu , Daowen Qiu , Ligang Xiao , Le Luo , Xu Zhou

Shor's factoring algorithm (SFA), by its ability to efficiently factor large numbers, has the potential to undermine contemporary encryption. At its heart is a process called order finding, which quantum mechanics lets us perform…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Frédéric Grosshans , Thomas Lawson , François Morain , Benjamin Smith

The semidirect discrete logarithm problem (SDLP) is the following analogue of the standard discrete logarithm problem in the semidirect product semigroup $G\rtimes \mathrm{End}(G)$ for a finite semigroup $G$. Given $g\in G, \sigma\in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Muhammad Imran , Gábor Ivanyos

We describe an efficient quantum algorithm for computing discrete logarithms in semigroups using Shor's algorithms for period finding and discrete log as subroutines. Thus proposed cryptosystems based on the presumed hardness of discrete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-01-23 Andrew M. Childs , Gábor Ivanyos

In this paper we generalize the quantum algorithm for computing short discrete logarithms previously introduced by Eker{\aa} so as to allow for various tradeoffs between the number of times that the algorithm need be executed on the one…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Martin Ekerå , Johan Håstad

Shor's algorithm for integer factorization offers an exponential speedup over classical methods but remains impractical on Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware due to the need for many coherent qubits and very deep circuits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Alok Shukla , Prakash Vedula

The quantum algorithm with polynomial time for discrete logarithm problem proposed by Shor is one of the most significant quantum algorithms, but a large number of qubits may be required in the Noisy Intermediate-scale Quantum (NISQ) era.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-15 Hao Li , Daowen Qiu

Shor's algorithm for the prime factorization of numbers provides an exponential speedup over the best known classical algorithms. However, nontrivial practical applications have remained out of reach due to experimental limitations. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-21 Abu Musa Patoary , Amit Vikram , Victor Galitski

The conventional Quantum Fourier Transform, with exponential speedup compared to the classical Fast Fourier Transform, has played an important role in quantum computation as a vital part of many quantum algorithms (most prominently, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-03 S. S. Zhou , T. Loke , J. A. Izaac , J. B. Wang

Considering its relevance in the field of cryptography, integer factorization is a prominent application where Quantum computers are expected to have a substantial impact. Thanks to Shor's algorithm this peculiar problem can be solved in…

Nowadays, predominant asymmetric cryptographic schemes are considered to be secure because discrete logarithms are believed to be hard to be computed. The algorithm of Shor can effectively compute discrete logarithms, i.e. it can brake such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Johanna Barzen , Frank Leymann

Shor's factoring algorithm provides a super-polynomial speed-up over all known classical factoring algorithms. Here, we address the question of which quantum properties fuel this advantage. We investigate a sequential variant of Shor's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-30 Felix Ahnefeld , Thomas Theurer , Dario Egloff , Juan Mauricio Matera , Martin B. Plenio

Withdrawn by the author due to irreparable errors. We present a quantum algorithm that in the black-box model performs a search in an ordered list of N elements. Using 3/4 log N + O(1) queries, it achieves a success probability of at least…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hein Roehrig

Shor's algorithm for factoring in polynomial time on a quantum computer\cite{Shor} gives an enormous advantage over all known classical factoring algorithm. We demonstrate how to factor products of large prime numbers using a compiled…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-28 John A. Smolin , Graeme Smith , Alex Vargo

The aim of this work is to show a brand-new way of making deterministic Quantum Computing (short QC), in the sense of Theory of Calculability, by meaning of unitary evolution. We start from the original Shor's Algorithm to explain how the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-04-05 Luigi Cimmino