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When a retrieval system receives a query it has encountered before, previous relevance feedback, such as clicks or explicit judgments can help to improve retrieval results. However, the content of a previously relevant document may have…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Jüri Keller , Maik Fröbe , Gijs Hendriksen , Daria Alexander , Martin Potthast , Matthias Hagen , Philipp Schaer

Conversational and task-oriented dialogue systems aim to interact with the user using natural responses through multi-modal interfaces, such as text or speech. These desired responses are in the form of full-length natural answers generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-24 Vaishali Pal , Manish Shrivastava , Laurent Besacier

Question Answering (QA) is one of the most important natural language processing (NLP) tasks. It aims using NLP technologies to generate a corresponding answer to a given question based on the massive unstructured corpus. With the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Zhen Wang

We apply a general deep learning framework to address the non-factoid question answering task. Our approach does not rely on any linguistic tools and can be applied to different languages or domains. Various architectures are presented and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-05 Minwei Feng , Bing Xiang , Michael R. Glass , Lidan Wang , Bowen Zhou

This paper presents a new selection-based question answering dataset, SelQA. The dataset consists of questions generated through crowdsourcing and sentence length answers that are drawn from the ten most prevalent topics in the English…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-31 Tomasz Jurczyk , Michael Zhai , Jinho D. Choi

Training and refreshing a web-scale Question Answering (QA) system for a multi-lingual commercial search engine often requires a huge amount of training examples. One principled idea is to mine implicit relevance feedback from user behavior…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Linjun Shou , Shining Bo , Feixiang Cheng , Ming Gong , Jian Pei , Daxin Jiang

Open-ended human learning and information-seeking are increasingly mediated by digital assistants. However, such systems often ignore the user's pre-existing knowledge. Assuming a correlation between engagement and user responses such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Pedro Rodriguez , Paul Crook , Seungwhan Moon , Zhiguang Wang

We present the Stanford Question Answering Dataset (SQuAD), a new reading comprehension dataset consisting of 100,000+ questions posed by crowdworkers on a set of Wikipedia articles, where the answer to each question is a segment of text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-12 Pranav Rajpurkar , Jian Zhang , Konstantin Lopyrev , Percy Liang

The goal of this work is to build conversational Question Answering (QA) interfaces for the large body of domain-specific information available in FAQ sites. We present DoQA, a dataset with 2,437 dialogues and 10,917 QA pairs. The dialogues…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-09-08 Jon Ander Campos , Arantxa Otegi , Aitor Soroa , Jan Deriu , Mark Cieliebak , Eneko Agirre

Fact-checkers are often hampered by the sheer amount of online content that needs to be fact-checked. NLP can help them by retrieving already existing fact-checks relevant to the content being investigated. This paper introduces a new…

Existing benchmarks treat multi-turn conversation and reasoning-intensive retrieval separately, yet real-world information seeking requires both. To bridge this gap, we present a benchmark for reasoning-based conversational information…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Mohammed Ali , Abdelrahman Abdallah , Amit Agarwal , Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Adam Jatowt

The usage and amount of information available on the internet increase over the past decade. This digitization leads to the need for automated answering system to extract fruitful information from redundant and transitional knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-03 Hariom A. Pandya , Brijesh S. Bhatt

Current question answering (QA) systems primarily consider the single-answer scenario, where each question is assumed to be paired with one correct answer. However, in many real-world QA applications, multiple answer scenarios arise where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Wenxuan Zhou , Qiang Ning , Heba Elfardy , Kevin Small , Muhao Chen

We introduce ChronoQA, a large-scale benchmark dataset for Chinese question answering, specifically designed to evaluate temporal reasoning in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. ChronoQA is constructed from over 300,000 news…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Ziyang Chen , Erxue Min , Xiang Zhao , Yunxin Li , Xin Jia , Jinzhi Liao , Jichao Li , Shuaiqiang Wang , Baotian Hu , Dawei Yin

We present PeerQA, a real-world, scientific, document-level Question Answering (QA) dataset. PeerQA questions have been sourced from peer reviews, which contain questions that reviewers raised while thoroughly examining the scientific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Tim Baumgärtner , Ted Briscoe , Iryna Gurevych

Existing pipelined task-oriented dialogue systems usually have difficulties adapting to unseen domains, whereas end-to-end systems are plagued by large-scale knowledge bases in practice. In this paper, we introduce a novel query-driven…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Xin Tian , Yingzhan Lin , Mengfei Song , Siqi Bao , Fan Wang , Huang He , Shuqi Sun , Hua Wu

Community Question Answering (cQA) provides new interesting research directions to the traditional Question Answering (QA) field, e.g., the exploitation of the interaction between users and the structure of related posts. In this context,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Preslav Nakov , Lluís Màrquez , Walid Magdy , Alessandro Moschitti , James Glass , Bilal Randeree

Open-domain Question Answering models which directly leverage question-answer (QA) pairs, such as closed-book QA (CBQA) models and QA-pair retrievers, show promise in terms of speed and memory compared to conventional models which retrieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Patrick Lewis , Yuxiang Wu , Linqing Liu , Pasquale Minervini , Heinrich Küttler , Aleksandra Piktus , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel

Existing open-domain question answering (QA) models are not suitable for real-time usage because they need to process several long documents on-demand for every input query. In this paper, we introduce the query-agnostic indexable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-17 Minjoon Seo , Jinhyuk Lee , Tom Kwiatkowski , Ankur P. Parikh , Ali Farhadi , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

A major challenge of research on non-English machine reading for question answering (QA) is the lack of annotated datasets. In this paper, we present GermanQuAD, a dataset of 13,722 extractive question/answer pairs. To improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Timo Möller , Julian Risch , Malte Pietsch