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We explore options to use Transformer networks in neural transducer for end-to-end speech recognition. Transformer networks use self-attention for sequence modeling and comes with advantages in parallel computation and capturing contexts.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-30 Ching-Feng Yeh , Jay Mahadeokar , Kaustubh Kalgaonkar , Yongqiang Wang , Duc Le , Mahaveer Jain , Kjell Schubert , Christian Fuegen , Michael L. Seltzer

The increasing demand for efficient summarization tools in resource-constrained environments highlights the need for effective solutions. While large language models (LLMs) deliver superior summarization quality, their high computational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Borui Xu , Yao Chen , Zeyi Wen , Weiguo Liu , Bingsheng He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in various tasks and gained significant attention. LLMs are also used for local sequence transduction tasks, including grammatical error correction (GEC) and formality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki

In this work, we model abstractive text summarization using Attentional Encoder-Decoder Recurrent Neural Networks, and show that they achieve state-of-the-art performance on two different corpora. We propose several novel models that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-08-29 Ramesh Nallapati , Bowen Zhou , Cicero Nogueira dos santos , Caglar Gulcehre , Bing Xiang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pretrained on massive datasets and later instruction-tuned via supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL). Best practices emphasize large, diverse pretraining data, whereas post-training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Adel Javanmard , Baharan Mirzasoleiman , Vahab Mirrokni

Pre-trained text encoders have drawn sustaining attention in natural language processing (NLP) and shown their capability in obtaining promising results in different tasks. Recent studies illustrated that external self-supervised signals…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Yan Song , Tong Zhang , Yonggang Wang , Kai-Fu Lee

One of the prominent issues stifling the current generation of large language models is their limited context length. Recent proprietary models such as GPT-4 and Claude 2 have introduced longer context lengths, 8k/32k and 100k,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Kian Ahrabian , Alon Benhaim , Barun Patra , Jay Pujara , Saksham Singhal , Xia Song

Code summarization aims to generate concise natural language descriptions for source code. Deep learning has been used more and more recently in software engineering, particularly for tasks like code creation and summarization.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Md. Ahnaf Akib , Md. Muktadir Mazumder , Salman Ahsan

Modern language models operate on subword-tokenized text in order to make a trade-off between model size, inference speed, and vocabulary coverage. A side effect of this is that, during inference, models are evaluated by measuring the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 David Pohl , Marco Cognetta , Junyoung Lee , Naoaki Okazaki

Text summarization aims to extract essential information from a piece of text and transform the text into a concise version. Existing unsupervised abstractive summarization models leverage recurrent neural networks framework while the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ziyi Yang , Chenguang Zhu , Robert Gmyr , Michael Zeng , Xuedong Huang , Eric Darve

Recent studies have found that summaries generated by large language models (LLMs) are favored by human annotators over the original reference summaries in commonly used summarization datasets. Therefore, we study an LLM-as-reference…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Yixin Liu , Kejian Shi , Katherine S He , Longtian Ye , Alexander R. Fabbri , Pengfei Liu , Dragomir Radev , Arman Cohan

Collecting sufficient labeled data for spoken language understanding (SLU) is expensive and time-consuming. Recent studies achieved promising results by using pre-trained models in low-resource scenarios. Inspired by this, we aim to ask:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Yifan Peng , Siddhant Arora , Yosuke Higuchi , Yushi Ueda , Sujay Kumar , Karthik Ganesan , Siddharth Dalmia , Xuankai Chang , Shinji Watanabe

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in a multitude of NLP tasks. However, the efficacy of such models to languages other than English is often limited. Prior works have shown that encoder-only models such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Divyanshu Aggarwal , Ashutosh Sathe , Sunayana Sitaram

Large language models are powerful but costly. We ask whether meta-learning can make the pretraining of small language models not only better but also more interpretable. We integrate first-order MAML with subset-masked LM pretraining,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 David Demitri Africa , Yuval Weiss , Paula Buttery , Richard Diehl Martinez

This paper proposes a transformer over transformer framework, called Transformer$^2$, to perform neural text segmentation. It consists of two components: bottom-level sentence encoders using pre-trained transformers, and an upper-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-15 Kelvin Lo , Yuan Jin , Weicong Tan , Ming Liu , Lan Du , Wray Buntine

Representing a text as a graph for obtaining automatic text summarization has been investigated for over ten years. With the development of attention or Transformer on natural language processing (NLP), it is possible to make a connection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-27 Yuan-Ching Lin , Jinwen Ma

Pretrained transformer-based Language Models (LMs) are well-known for their ability to achieve significant improvement on NLP tasks, but their black-box nature, which leads to a lack of interpretability, has been a major concern. My…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Ximing Wen

Deep learning has led to significant improvement in text summarization with various methods investigated and improved ROUGE scores reported over the years. However, gaps still exist between summaries produced by automatic summarizers and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Dandan Huang , Leyang Cui , Sen Yang , Guangsheng Bao , Kun Wang , Jun Xie , Yue Zhang

Pretraining NLP models with variants of Masked Language Model (MLM) objectives has recently led to a significant improvements on many tasks. This paper examines the benefits of pretrained models as a function of the number of training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Sinong Wang , Madian Khabsa , Hao Ma

Transformer-based Language Models are widely used in Natural Language Processing related tasks. Thanks to their pre-training, they have been successfully adapted to Information Extraction in business documents. However, most pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Thibault Douzon , Stefan Duffner , Christophe Garcia , Jérémy Espinas