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Despite the recent successes of deep neural networks, the corresponding training problem remains highly non-convex and difficult to optimize. Classes of models have been proposed that introduce greater structure to the objective function at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Fangda Gu , Armin Askari , Laurent El Ghaoui

In this paper we study shallow neural network functions which are linear combinations of compositions of activation and quadratic functions, replacing standard affine linear functions, often called neurons. We show the universality of this…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-05-12 Leon Frischauf , Otmar Scherzer , Cong Shi

The universal approximation theorem is generalised to uniform convergence on the (noncompact) input space $\mathbb{R}^n$. All continuous functions that vanish at infinity can be uniformly approximated by neural networks with one hidden…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Teun D. H. van Nuland

Neural networks with ReLU activation function have been shown to be universal function approximators and learn function mapping as non-smooth functions. Recently, there is considerable interest in the use of neural networks in applications…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-06 Parameswaran Sankaranarayanan , Raghunathan Rengaswamy

We introduce LL-RNNs (Log-Linear RNNs), an extension of Recurrent Neural Networks that replaces the softmax output layer by a log-linear output layer, of which the softmax is a special case. This conceptually simple move has two main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-12-19 Marc Dymetman , Chunyang Xiao

We derive an approximation error bound that holds simultaneously for a function and all its derivatives up to any prescribed order. The bounds apply to elementary functions, including multivariate polynomials, the exponential function, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Konstantin Yakovlev , Nikita Puchkin

We consider neural networks with a single hidden layer and non-decreasing homogeneous activa-tion functions like the rectified linear units. By letting the number of hidden units grow unbounded and using classical non-Euclidean…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Francis Bach

We present the soft exponential activation function for artificial neural networks that continuously interpolates between logarithmic, linear, and exponential functions. This activation function is simple, differentiable, and parameterized…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Luke B. Godfrey , Michael S. Gashler

A neural network computes a function. A central property of neural networks is that they are "universal approximators:" for a given continuous function, there exists a neural network that can approximate it arbitrarily well, given enough…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Arthur Choi , Ruocheng Wang , Adnan Darwiche

We present a new neural network to approximate convex functions. This network has the particularity to approximate the function with cuts and can be easily adapted to partial convexity. We give an universal approximation theorem in the full…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-27 Xavier Warin

Complex-valued neural networks have attracted increasing attention in recent years, while it remains open on the advantages of complex-valued neural networks in comparison with real-valued networks. This work takes one step on this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Shao-Qun Zhang , Wei Gao , Zhi-Hua Zhou

This paper develops a randomized approach for incrementally building deep neural networks, where a supervisory mechanism is proposed to constrain the random assignment of the weights and biases, and all the hidden layers have direct links…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Dianhui Wang , Ming Li

Compared with cheap addition operation, multiplication operation is of much higher computation complexity. The widely-used convolutions in deep neural networks are exactly cross-correlation to measure the similarity between input feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Hanting Chen , Yunhe Wang , Chang Xu , Chao Xu , Chunjing Xu , Tong Zhang

Polynomial functions have plenty of useful analytical properties, but they are rarely used as learning models because their function class is considered to be restricted. This work shows that when trained properly polynomial functions can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Li-Ping Liu , Ruiyuan Gu , Xiaozhe Hu

We present the Input-Connected Multilayer Perceptron (IC-MLP), a feedforward neural network architecture in which each hidden neuron receives, in addition to the outputs of the preceding layer, a direct affine connection from the raw input.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Vugar Ismailov

We demonstrate that a very deep ResNet with stacked modules with one neuron per hidden layer and ReLU activation functions can uniformly approximate any Lebesgue integrable function in $d$ dimensions, i.e. $\ell_1(\mathbb{R}^d)$. Because of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-05 Hongzhou Lin , Stefanie Jegelka

We address the structure identification and the uniform approximation of sums of ridge functions $f(x)=\sum_{i=1}^m g_i(a_i\cdot x)$ on ${\mathbb R}^d$, representing a general form of a shallow feed-forward neural network, from a small…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-05-07 Massimo Fornasier , Jan Vybíral , Ingrid Daubechies

In recent years, machine learning techniques based on neural networks for mobile computing become increasingly popular. Classical multi-layer neural networks require matrix multiplications at each stage. Multiplication operation is not an…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-10 Arman Afrasiyabi , Ozan Yildiz , Baris Nasir , Fatos T. Yarman Vural , A. Enis Cetin

One of the most influential results in neural network theory is the universal approximation theorem [1, 2, 3] which states that continuous functions can be approximated to within arbitrary accuracy by single-hidden-layer feedforward neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Clemens Hutter , Recep Gül , Helmut Bölcskei

We study the problem of approximating compactly-supported integrable functions while implementing their support set using feedforward neural networks. Our first main result transcribes this "structured" approximation problem into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Anastasis Kratsios , Behnoosh Zamanlooy