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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved tremendous development in recent years, but still faces significant obstacles in addressing complex real-life problems due to the issues of poor system generalization, low sample efficiency as well…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Chao Yu , Shicheng Ye , Hankz Hankui Zhuo

Over the past two decades, Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been increasingly utilized for the purpose of predicting outcomes in sport. In this paper, we provide a review of studies that have used ML for predicting results in team…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Rory Bunker , Teo Susnjak

This chapter gives an overview of the core concepts of machine learning (ML) -- the use of algorithms that learn from data, identify patterns, and make predictions or decisions without being explicitly programmed -- that are relevant to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-12-15 Javier M. Duarte , Uros Seljak , Kazu Terao

Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning techniques have been widely used in software engineering to improve developer productivity, the quality of software systems, and decision-making. However, such AI/ML models for software engineering…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Jirayus Jiarpakdee , John Grundy

Although information access systems have long supported people in accomplishing a wide range of tasks, we propose broadening the scope of users of information access systems to include task-driven machines, such as machine learning models.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-04 Hamed Zamani , Fernando Diaz , Mostafa Dehghani , Donald Metzler , Michael Bendersky

In modern business processes, the amount of data collected has increased substantially in recent years. Because this data can potentially yield valuable insights, automated knowledge extraction based on process mining has been proposed,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Riza Velioglu , Jan Philip Göpfert , André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

It is important for official statistics production to apply ML with statistical rigor, as it presents both opportunities and challenges. Although machine learning has enjoyed rapid technological advances in recent years, its application…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-09-09 Marco Puts , David Salgado , Piet Daas

Machine Learning is proving invaluable across disciplines. However, its success is often limited by the quality and quantity of available data, while its adoption by the level of trust that models afford users. Human vs. machine performance…

Machine learning (ML) pervades an increasing number of academic disciplines and industries. Its impact is profound, and several fields have been fundamentally altered by it, autonomy and computer vision for example; reliability engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-20 Zhaoyi Xu , Joseph Homer Saleh

Recent engineering developments in specialised computational hardware, data-acquisition and storage technology have seen the emergence of Machine Learning (ML) as a powerful form of data analysis with widespread applicability beyond its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-19 Ashwin Srinivasan , Michael Bain , Enrico Coiera

Machine learning plays a role in many aspects of modern IR systems, and deep learning is applied in all of them. The fast pace of modern-day research has given rise to many approaches to many IR problems. The amount of information available…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-01-09 Tom Kenter , Alexey Borisov , Christophe Van Gysel , Mostafa Dehghani , Maarten de Rijke , Bhaskar Mitra

We argue how AI can assist mathematics in three ways: theorem-proving, conjecture formulation, and language processing. Inspired by initial experiments in geometry and theoretical physics in 2017, we summarize how this emerging field has…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-11-24 Yang-Hui He

While there are many applications of ML to scientific problems that look promising, visuals can be deceiving. Using numerical analysis techniques, we rigorously quantify the accuracy, convergence rates, and generalization bounds of certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Alejandro Francisco Queiruga , Theo Gutman-Solo , Shuai Jiang

Nowadays, intelligent systems and services are getting increasingly popular as they provide data-driven solutions to diverse real-world problems, thanks to recent breakthroughs in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML).…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Md Saidur Rahman , Foutse Khomh , Alaleh Hamidi , Jinghui Cheng , Giuliano Antoniol , Hironori Washizaki

Machine learning in quantum computing and communication provides intensive opportunities for revolutionizing the field of Physics, Mathematics, and Computer Science. There exists an aperture of understanding behind this interdisciplinary…

The interpretability of ML models is important, but it is not clear what it amounts to. So far, most philosophers have discussed the lack of interpretability of black-box models such as neural networks, and methods such as explainable AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Tim Räz

Recent advancements in the realm of deep learning, particularly in the development of large language models (LLMs), have demonstrated AI's ability to tackle complex mathematical problems or solving programming challenges. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Xiaoxin Yin

Math reasoning has been one crucial ability of large language models (LLMs), where significant advancements have been achieved in recent years. However, most efforts focus on LLMs by curating high-quality annotation data and intricate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Yijie Hu , Zihao Zhou , Kaizhu Huang , Xiaowei Huang , Qiufeng Wang

As machine learning (ML) systems take a more prominent and central role in contributing to life-impacting decisions, ensuring their trustworthiness and accountability is of utmost importance. Explanations sit at the core of these desirable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Sahil Verma , Aditya Lahiri , John P. Dickerson , Su-In Lee

Traditional design cycles for new materials and assemblies have two fundamental drawbacks. The underlying physical relationships are often too complex to be precisely calculated and described. Aside from that, many unknown uncertainties,…