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Truncated Backpropagation Through Time (truncated BPTT) is a widespread method for learning recurrent computational graphs. Truncated BPTT keeps the computational benefits of Backpropagation Through Time (BPTT) while relieving the need for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Corentin Tallec , Yann Ollivier

Backpropagation through time (BPTT) is a technique of updating tuned parameters within recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Several attempts at creating such an algorithm have been made including: Nth Ordered Approximations and Truncated-BPTT.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 George Bird , Maxim E. Polivoda

This paper investigates the optimization of Truncated Backpropagation Through Time (TBPTT) for training neural networks in digital audio effect modeling, with a focus on dynamic range compression. The study evaluates key TBPTT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yann Bourdin , Pierrick Legrand , Fanny Roche

We propose a novel approach to reduce memory consumption of the backpropagation through time (BPTT) algorithm when training recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Our approach uses dynamic programming to balance a trade-off between caching of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-06-13 Audrūnas Gruslys , Remi Munos , Ivo Danihelka , Marc Lanctot , Alex Graves

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are commonly trained with the truncated backpropagation-through-time (TBPTT) algorithm. For the purposes of computational tractability, the TBPTT algorithm truncates the chain rule and calculates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Samuel Chun-Hei Lam , Justin Sirignano , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

Directly training spiking neural networks (SNNs) has remained challenging due to complex neural dynamics and intrinsic non-differentiability in firing functions. The well-known backpropagation through time (BPTT) algorithm proposed to train…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Wenzhe Guo , Mohammed E. Fouda , Ahmed M. Eltawil , Khaled Nabil Salama

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) hold immense potential for computations due to their Turing completeness and sequential processing capabilities, yet existing methods for their training encounter efficiency challenges. Backpropagation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Jesus Garcia Fernandez , Sander Keemink , Marcel van Gerven

Training recurrent neural networks (RNNs) with standard backpropagation through time (BPTT) can be challenging, especially in the presence of long input sequences. A practical alternative to reduce computational and memory overhead is to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Julian D. Schiller , Malte Heinrich , Victor G. Lopez , Matthias A. Müller

Systems characterized by evolving interactions, prevalent in social, financial, and biological domains, are effectively modeled as continuous-time dynamic graphs (CTDGs). To manage the scale and complexity of these graph datasets, machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 João Bravo , Jacopo Bono , Pedro Saleiro , Hugo Ferreira , Pedro Bizarro

While Truncated Back-Propagation through Time (BPTT) is the most popular approach to training Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), it suffers from being inherently sequential (making parallelization difficult) and from truncating gradient flow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-02-17 Sam Wiseman , Sumit Chopra , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato , Arthur Szlam , Ruoyu Sun , Soumith Chintala , Nicolas Vasilache

A major drawback of backpropagation through time (BPTT) is the difficulty of learning long-term dependencies, coming from having to propagate credit information backwards through every single step of the forward computation. This makes BPTT…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Nan Rosemary Ke , Anirudh Goyal , Olexa Bilaniuk , Jonathan Binas , Laurent Charlin , Chris Pal , Yoshua Bengio

Despite recent advances in training recurrent neural networks (RNNs), capturing long-term dependencies in sequences remains a fundamental challenge. Most approaches use backpropagation through time (BPTT), which is difficult to scale to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-14 Trieu H. Trinh , Andrew M. Dai , Minh-Thang Luong , Quoc V. Le

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are promising energy-efficient models for neuromorphic computing. For training the non-differentiable SNN models, the backpropagation through time (BPTT) with surrogate gradients (SG) method has achieved high…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Qingyan Meng , Mingqing Xiao , Shen Yan , Yisen Wang , Zhouchen Lin , Zhi-Quan Luo

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have become an integral part of modeling and forecasting frameworks in areas like natural language processing and high-dimensional dynamical systems such as turbulent fluid flows. To improve the accuracy of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Pantelis R. Vlachas , Petros Koumoutsakos

Constructing states from sequences of observations is an important component of reinforcement learning agents. One solution for state construction is to use recurrent neural networks. Back-propagation through time (BPTT), and real-time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Khurram Javed , Haseeb Shah , Rich Sutton , Martha White

Backpropagation through time (BPTT) is the standard algorithm for training recurrent neural networks (RNNs), which requires separate simulation phases for the forward and backward passes for inference and learning, respectively. Moreover,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Anand Subramoney

Temporal difference (TD) methods constitute a class of methods for learning predictions in multi-step prediction problems, parameterized by a recency factor lambda. Currently the most important application of these methods is to temporal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-02-03 P. Cichosz

Learning long-term dependencies is a key long-standing challenge of recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Hierarchical recurrent neural networks (HRNNs) have been considered a promising approach as long-term dependencies are resolved through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-14 Asier Mujika , Felix Weissenberger , Angelika Steger

The growing demand for efficient deep learning has positioned dataset distillation as a pivotal technique for compressing training dataset while preserving model performance. However, existing inner-loop optimization methods for dataset…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Muquan Li , Hang Gou , Dongyang Zhang , Shuang Liang , Xiurui Xie , Deqiang Ouyang , Ke Qin

Training recurrent neural networks typically relies on backpropagation through time (BPTT). BPTT depends on forward and backward passes to be completed, rendering the network locked to these computations before loss gradients are available.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Joseph Pemberton , Rui Ponte Costa
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