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It is known that singular values of idempotent matrices are either zero or larger or equal to one \cite{HouC63}. We state exactly how many singular values greater than one, equal to one, and equal to zero there are. Moreover, we derive a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-03-11 Heike Faßbender , Martin Halwaß

We consider generalizations of the Vieta formula (relating the coefficients of an algebraic equation to the roots) to the case of equations whose coefficients are order-$k$ matrices. Specifically, we prove that if $X_1,\dots ,X_n$ are…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Dmitry Fuchs , Albert Schwarz

Given a graph $G$, let $\lambda_3$ denote the third largest eigenvalue of its adjacency matrix. In this paper, we prove various results towards the conjecture that $\lambda_3(G) \le \frac{|V(G)|}{3}$, motivated by a question of Nikiforov.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-10 Giacomo Leonida , Sida Li

A graph is called bivalent or trivalent if there exists an eigenvector of the graph Laplacian composed from {-1,1} or {-1,0,1}, respectively. These bivalent and trivalent eigenvectors are important for engineering applications, in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-20 Jorge Alencar , Jean-Guy Caputo , Leonardo de Lima , Arnaud Knippel

Diagonalizing a matrix $A$, that is finding two matrices $P$ and $D$ such that $A = PDP^{-1}$ with $D$ being a diagonal matrix needs two steps: first find the eigenvalues and then find the corresponding eigenvectors. We show that we do not…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Udita N. Katugampola

For given k distinct complex conjugate pairs, l distinct real numbers, and a given graph G on 2k+l vertices with a matching of size at least k, we will show that there is a real matrix whose eigenvalues are the given numbers and its graph…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-03-16 Keivan Hassani Monfared

We gather several results on the eigenvalues of the spatial sign covariance matrix of an elliptical distribution. It is shown that the eigenvalues are a one-to-one function of the eigenvalues of the shape matrix and that they are closer…

Computation · Statistics 2016-03-21 Alexander Dürre , David E. Tyler , Daniel Vogel

The properties of the first (largest) eigenvalue and its eigenvector (first eigenvector) are investigated for large sparse random symmetric matrices that are characterized by bimodal degree distributions. In principle, one should be able to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2012-08-03 Yoshiyuki Kabashima , Hisanao Takahashi

In this text, based on elementary computations, we provide a perturbative expansion of the coordinates of the eigenvectors of a Hermitian matrix of large size perturbed by a random matrix with small operator norm whose entries in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-19 Florent Benaych-Georges , Nathanaël Enriquez , Alkéos Michaïl

This note proves the following inequality: if $n=3k$ for some positive integer $k$, then for any $n$ positive definite matrices $A_1,A_2,\cdots,A_n$, \begin{equation} \frac{1}{n^3}\Big\|\sum_{j_1,j_2,j_3=1}^{n}A_{j_1}A_{j_2}A_{j_3}\Big\|…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-22 Teng Zhang

I discuss possible definitions of categories of vector spaces enriched with a notion of formal infinite linear combination in the likes of the formal infinite linear combinations one has in the context of generalized power series, I call…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-10 Pietro Freni

The dimensions of sets of matrices of various types, with specified eigenvalue multiplicities, are determined. The dimensions of the sets of matrices with given Jordan form and with given singular value multiplicities are also found. Each…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2007-11-27 Joseph B. Keller

We describe an algorithm to compute the extremal eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix by solving a sequence of Quadratic Binary Optimization problems. This algorithm is robust across many different classes of…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Benjamin Krakoff , Susan M. Mniszewski , Christian F. A. Negre

A tensor $\mathcal T\in \mathbb T(\mathbb C^n,m+1)$, the space of tensors of order $m+1$ and dimension $n$ with complex entries, has $nm^{n-1}$ eigenvalues (counted with algebraic multiplicities). The inverse eigenvalue problem for tensors…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-26 Ke Ye , Shenglong Hu

Define a $(n^4+n^2)/2\times (n^4+n^2)/2$ symmetric $B$. $(ij)(kl)$ is an index where $i,j,k,l\in [n]$, $(ab)$ is an unordered pair and $(kl)$ is an ordered pair when $i\neq j$, otherwise it is also an unordered pair. $B((ij)(kl),(ab)(xy))$…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-09-23 Pawan Auorora , Shashank K Mehta

We revisit a classical problem in numerical linear algebra: given an $k$-dimensional subspace $\mathcal{Q}$ that approximates the leading eigenspace of an $n\times n$ positive semi-definite matrix $A$, the goal is to extract high-accuracy…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Yuji Nakatsukasa , Zheng Tang

The Kalman variety of a linear subspace in a vector space consists of all endomorphism that possess an eigenvector in that subspace. We study the defining polynomials and basic geometric invariants of the Kalman variety.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2012-10-22 Giorgio Ottaviani , Bernd Sturmfels

Let $K$ be a connected compact Lie group. The triples $(O_1,\,O_2,\,O_3)$ of adjoint $K$-orbits such that $O_1+O_2+O_3$ contains $0$ are parametrized by a closed convex polyhedral cone called the eigencone of $K$. For $K$ simple of type…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2010-10-04 Nicolas Ressayre

A problem that is frequently encountered in a variety of mathematical contexts, is to find the common invariant subspaces of a single, or set of matrices. A new method is proposed that gives a definitive answer to this problem. The key idea…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2024-08-29 Ahmad Y. Al-Dweik , Ryad Ghanam , Gerard Thompson , Hassan Azad

Let $G = (V, E)$ be a graph. We define matrices $M(G; \alpha, \beta)$as $\alpha D + \beta A$, where $\alpha$, $\beta$ are real numbers such that $(\alpha, \beta) \neq (0, 0)$ and $D$ and $A$ are the diagonal matrix and adjacency matrix of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-24 Rao Li