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This paper considers a contextual bandit problem involving multiple agents, where a learner sequentially observes the contexts and the agent's reported arms, and then selects the arm that maximizes the system's overall reward. Existing work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Arun Verma , Indrajit Saha , Makoto Yokoo , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Assistance games (also known as cooperative inverse reinforcement learning games) have been proposed as a model for beneficial AI, wherein a robotic agent must act on behalf of a human principal but is initially uncertain about the humans…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Arnaud Fickinger , Simon Zhuang , Dylan Hadfield-Menell , Stuart Russell

We study the explore-exploit tradeoff in distributed cooperative decision-making using the context of the multiarmed bandit (MAB) problem. For the distributed cooperative MAB problem, we design the cooperative UCB algorithm that comprises…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-09-17 Peter Landgren , Vaibhav Srivastava , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

Recommender systems are facing scrutiny because of their growing impact on the opportunities we have access to. Current audits for fairness are limited to coarse-grained parity assessments at the level of sensitive groups. We propose to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Virginie Do , Sam Corbett-Davies , Jamal Atif , Nicolas Usunier

We consider a community of users who must make periodic decisions about whether to interact with one another. We propose a protocol which allows honest users to reliably interact with each other, while limiting the damage done by each…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-06 Paul Christiano

We study the experimentation dynamics of a decision maker (DM) in a two-armed bandit setup (Bolton and Harris (1999)), where the agent holds ambiguous beliefs regarding the distribution of the return process of one arm and is certain about…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2021-04-02 Farzad Pourbabaee

Recently, recommender systems have achieved promising performances and become one of the most widely used web applications. However, recommender systems are often trained on highly sensitive user data, thus potential data leakage from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Minxing Zhang , Zhaochun Ren , Zihan Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Pengfei Hu , Yang Zhang

Designing protocols enhancing cooperation for multi-agent systems remains a grand challenge. Cheap talk, defined as costless, non-binding communication before formal action, serves as a pivotal solution. However, existing theoretical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zhao Song , Chen Shen , Zhen Wang , The Anh Han

We consider a multi-armed bandit problem where the decision maker can explore and exploit different arms at every round. The exploited arm adds to the decision maker's cumulative reward (without necessarily observing the reward) while the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Orly Avner , Shie Mannor , Ohad Shamir

This paper considers stochastic bandits with side observations, a model that accounts for both the exploration/exploitation dilemma and relationships between arms. In this setting, after pulling an arm i, the decision maker also observes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-10-19 Stephane Caron , Branislav Kveton , Marc Lelarge , Smriti Bhagat

The multi objective bandit setting has traditionally been regarded as more complex than the single objective case, as multiple objectives must be optimized simultaneously. In contrast to this prevailing view, we demonstrate that when…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-16 Heesang Ann , Min-hwan Oh

Exploration in reinforcement learning (RL) remains an open challenge. RL algorithms rely on observing rewards to train the agent, and if informative rewards are sparse the agent learns slowly or may not learn at all. To improve exploration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Simone Parisi , Alireza Kazemipour , Michael Bowling

Starting from Robbins (1952), the literature on experimentation via multi-armed bandits has wed exploration and exploitation. Nonetheless, in many applications, agents' exploration and exploitation need not be intertwined: a policymaker may…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-05-01 Alessandro Lizzeri , Eran Shmaya , Leeat Yariv

Traditional recommender systems based on revealed preferences often fail to capture the fundamental duality in user behavior, where consumption choices are driven by both inherent value (enrichment) and instant appeal (temptation).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Md Sanzeed Anwar , Paramveer S. Dhillon , Grant Schoenebeck

A default assumption in the design of reinforcement-learning algorithms is that a decision-making agent always explores to learn optimal behavior. In sufficiently complex environments that approach the vastness and scale of the real world,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Dilip Arumugam , Saurabh Kumar , Ramki Gummadi , Benjamin Van Roy

We study distributed cooperative decision-making under the explore-exploit tradeoff in the multiarmed bandit (MAB) problem. We extend the state-of-the-art frequentist and Bayesian algorithms for single-agent MAB problems to cooperative…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Peter Landgren , Vaibhav Srivastava , Naomi Ehrich Leonard

Context-Based Information Retrieval is recently modelled as an exploration/ exploitation trade-off (exr/exp) problem, where the system has to choose between maximizing its expected rewards dealing with its current knowledge (exploitation)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Djallel Bouneffouf

We propose a control-theoretic interpretation of recommender systems and use this perspective to analyze how fairness interventions shape long-term system behavior. Fairness concerns arise for both users and creators, ranging from opinion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-05 Giulia De Pasquale , Sarah Dean , Paolo Frasca

The stochastic contextual bandit problem, which models the trade-off between exploration and exploitation, has many real applications, including recommender systems, online advertising and clinical trials. As many other machine learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-14 Qin Ding , Yue Kang , Yi-Wei Liu , Thomas C. M. Lee , Cho-Jui Hsieh , James Sharpnack

In many practical problems, a learning agent may want to learn the best action in hindsight without ever taking a bad action, which is significantly worse than the default production action. In general, this is impossible because the agent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-05 Sumeet Katariya , Branislav Kveton , Zheng Wen , Vamsi K. Potluru